The invention discloses a mobile phone system for testing blood sugar, and a testing method of the mobile phone system. The mobile phone system for testing the blood sugar comprises a mobile phone, and a blood sugar testing module and a remote network server which are respectively connected with the mobile phone, wherein the blood sugar testing module comprises a singlechip, and a blood sugar detection circuit and a temperature detection circuit which are respectively connected with the singlechip; the test data obtained by the blood sugar testing module is uploaded into the mobile phone by a universal serial data bus; and the blood sugar value obtained by processing is displayed on a screen of the mobile phone and is sent to the remote network server. According to the mobile phone system for testing the blood sugar, the mobile phone and the blood sugar testing module are matched with each other so as to form a whole system, so that the mobile phone system can detect the blood sugar value and the environment temperature at the same time, and the detection results can be synchronized to the remote network server; and therefore, the mobile phone system is rich in functions, and achieves the collection and the remote management of the test data.