The invention discloses a solar photo-thermal system and ground source heat pump system coupled composite energy supply system. The composite energy supply system comprises a solar thermal collector,a lithium bromide absorption type refrigerating unit, a heat exchanger, a heat storage device and a ground source heat pump. According to the composite energy supply system, solar energy and geothermal energy are coupled and integrated, so that complementation of advantages of the two renewable energy sources is achieved, and the energy utilization rate of the system is further improve; and compared with an existing split type air conditioner energy supply mode of rural residence buildings in Huna Province, the renewable energy utilization efficiency is greatly improved, and furthermore, a newidea for sustainable development of the environment is provided, so that great practical significance is achieved.