The invention discloses a GNSS troposphere wet delay estimation method and system, equipment and a medium, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining observation values of different frequency points, and forming an ionosphere-free combination observation equation in each epoch; performing Kalman filtering state updating and observation updating according to the prior ZWD random walk parameters to obtain an unknown variable forecast value and a variance covariance matrix shown in the description of the unknown variable forecast value; calculating mathematical expectations when given priori ZWD random walk noise and observation noise; using the mathematical expectation as a pseudo observation value, and estimating a new ZWD random walk parameter by using data in a sliding window; and updating the priori ZWD random walk parameter by using the new ZWD random walk parameter. According to the method, random model parameters changing along with time can be estimated in real time, and the troposphere wet delay estimation value can be improved.