The invention discloses automatic water and
sediment observation equipment applied to a runoff plot. The equipment comprises a flow collecting
barrel, a flow collecting tank and an automatic water and
sediment observation method, a weighing sensor, a temperature sensor and a
water level sensor are mounted in the flow collecting
barrel, a water inlet
electromagnetic valve is mounted between the flow collecting
barrel and the flow collecting tank, a water outlet
electromagnetic valve is installed at the bottom of the flow collecting barrel, a flow inlet is formed in the top of the flow collecting barrel, a flow outlet is formed in the bottom of the flow collecting barrel, the upper portion of the flow collecting barrel is cylindrical, and the lower portion of the flow collecting barrel is conical. According to the method, runoff and
sediment production of the runoff plot is accurately monitored, water and sediment measurement and drainage are synchronously carried out, and the generated runoff is dynamically monitored by utilizing the change of a
water level sensor, namely, the flow is calculated by collecting water within a certain time, so that the problem that a relatively large error is caused by factors such as sediment when the sediment is completely or proportionally collected in the traditional sediment monitoring process and determination is carried out after rainfall is solved.