The invention relates to a system for automatically acquiring computer hardware information based on a network environment and a method thereof. The system is based on a client-side/server architecture. The architecture comprises network equipment, a server node and target computer nodes; a method adapted to the system comprises the following steps: step one, setting the server node; step two, setting at least one of the target computer nodes to a network startup mode; step three, starting the at least one target computer and downloading a bootstrap program from the server node to the at least one target computer; step four, downloading a response file from the server node to the at least one target computer through the network according to a command of the bootstrap program; step five, downloading a hardware self inspection program from the server node to the at least one target computer through the network according to setting of the response file, and running the hardware self inspection program; and step six, checking the hardware information of the at least one target computer and sending the information to the server node by the hardware self inspection program. The system and the method help achieve large-scale and high-efficiency acquisition and management of hardware information of an enterprise computer even in the case of unattended operation, avoid incorrect input and the like which occur easily in manual operation, improve quality, timeliness and reliability of enterprise data acquisition, as well as work quality of an IT department and finally realize the purpose of reducing all costs of the enterprise.