The invention discloses a method for growing and preparing aluminium borate whisker/ aluminium composite powder on aluminium powder surface in situ, belonging to the technology of ceramic whisker/metal composite powder materials. The method process comprises the following steps: adding aluminium powder and boric acid powder by mass into a stainless steel jar to be subjected to ball milling to prepare ball milling pre-prepared mixed powder; spreading the ball milling pre-prepared mixed powder in an alumina boat; putting the alumina ark into a quartz heating furnace; and under the protection of argon, calcining at the temperature of 650-800 DEG C to prepare the product of aluminium borate whisker/aluminium composite powder. The method has the advantage of simple technology and is easy to realize mass production; the size of aluminium borate whisker growing in the aluminite powder matrix is even, and the aluminium borate whisker has favourable associativity with the aluminite powder matrix.