The invention discloses a method, a device and equipment for accelerating CT iterative reconstruction. The method comprises the following steps of constructing a mask image Mask of an object based on a positioning sheet, initializing a reconstructed image f0, calculating residual projection data delta b of the forward projection data b' and the actual measurement projection data b, based on the residual error projection data deltab, only conducting back projection on object image pixels in the mask image Mask, and acquiring a residual error reconstruction image deltaf, updating the reconstructed image f0 by using the residual reconstructed image deltaf, and iterating to obtain a reconstructed image f1, judging whether the reconstruction algorithm model meets a convergence condition or not, and if yes, outputting a reconstructed image f1, or otherwise, continuing iterative computation based on the reconstructed image f1 until the reconstruction algorithm model meets a convergence condition, and outputting a reconstructed image fn, wherein n is the number of iterations. According to the method, on the premise of not additionally introducing hardware equipment and not reducing the image quality, the process of reconstructing the CT image by using an iterative reconstruction algorithm is accelerated by accelerating the process of back projection operation.