The invention relates to a downlink data packet transmitting method, a system and an evolution base station. In the embodiment of the downlink data packet transmitting method, a downlink data packet comprises a data packet transmitted by a source evolution base station eNodeB, and among the data packets transmitted by the source eNodeB, the data packet processed by the source eNodeB by a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) is set as the data packet of first class, comprising the following steps: the source eNodeB sets the PDCP SN in the message head of the data packet of first class; and the source eNodeB transmits the data packet of first class to a target eNodeB. By setting the PDCP SN in the message head of the data packet, the embodiment of the invention leads the data packet message to carry the PDCP SN when being switched between the eNodeBs (namely the switching on an X2 interface) without using the mode of expanding the head, thus reducing the processing load of network nodes and eNodeB nodes in an LTE network, and enhancing the processing capacity and performance of the whole network.