The invention discloses a transient brain power supply positioning method and
system based on non-negative block sparse Bayesian learning. The method comprises the steps: firstly collecting a transient multi-channel EEG, calculating a sample
covariance matrix, and weighting each column of the matrix, which can be represented as non-negative block sparse representation on each
brain region after Laplace
smoothing; then setting an iteration stop condition and an initial value of a non-negative
brain region power sparse support vector; iteratively updating a posterior mean value and a
covariance of the non-negative
brain region power vector based on non-negative
Gaussian distribution, and updating a non-negative brain region power sparse support vector according to the posterior mean value and the
covariance; and finally, giving a source positioning result by using the latest non-negative brain region power sparse support vector. According to the invention, brain region non-negative block sparse representation of covariance vectors is utilized, expectation and variance of non-negative
Gaussian posterior distribution are combined, and the transient EEG
source localization NNBSBL method is given; and the method does not need to predict or estimate a
noise covariance matrix, is high in positioning precision and resolution, and provides a technical means for the fields of cognitive psychology, brain-computer interfaces, nerve diagnosis and treatment and the like.