The invention provides an analysis device for detecting multiple anions simultaneously. The analysis device comprises an ion chromatography separating system and a liquid cathode glow discharge atomic emission spectroscopy detecting system. The ion chromatography separating system comprises a chromatographic pump for conveying a mobile phase, a leacheate generator, a six-way injection valve, a guard column, a separation column, an ion suppressor and a cation exchange column. The liquid cathode glow discharge atomic emission spectroscopy detecting system comprises a sample injection unit, a light source generating part generating glow discharge, a light split unit for carrying out light splitting treatment on a glow discharge emission spectrum, a detecting unit for detecting the emission spectrum obtained after light splitting treatment, and a data processing unit for analyzing data generated by the detecting unit. The ion chromatography separating system and the liquid cathode glow discharge atomic emission spectroscopy detecting system are combined for use, the analyzing process comprises separation of anions, conductive background suppression and ion conversion, the overall structure is simple, the performance is stable, and the price is low.