The invention discloses an online diesel exhaust fluid solution concentration monitoring system for an automobile SCR (Selective Catalytic Reducer) system. The online diesel exhaust fluid solution concentration monitoring system comprises a power module, a coil design module and a data acquiring and processing module, which are sequentially connected through SMA (SubMiniature version A) connectors, wherein the coil design module comprises a transmitting coil, a urea tank and a receiving coil; the urea tank is used for being filled with a urea solution; the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are arranged at the outer side of the urea tank; the transmitting coil is connected with the power module through the SMA connector; the receiving coil is connected with the data acquiring and processing module through the SMA connector. The online diesel exhaust fluid solution concentration monitoring system avoids the contact between the measuring coil and the urea solution, adopts a self-resonance mode of the coil, and improves the sensitivity of the voltage at the two ends of the coil on change of concentration of the urea solution. The invention further discloses a monitoring method of the online diesel exhaust fluid solution concentration monitoring system for the automobile SCR system.