The invention discloses a preparation method of nanometer strontium-doped hydroxyapatite powder. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: dissolving prepared Ca(NO3)2.4H2O and Sr(NO3)2.4H2O in water to form a 1# solution, dissolving Na2HPO4.12H2O in water to form a 2# solution and adjusting the pH values of the 1# solution and the 2# solution to 9-11; slowly adding the 2# solutionto the 1# solution and adjusting the pH value of the mixed liquid to 9-11; heating the mixed liquid to 60-80 DEG C, stirring for 1-3h, and adjusting the pH value to 9-11; then heating to 130-170 DEG C, preserving the temperature for 4-8h and carrying out a hydrothermal reaction; carrying out cooling, extraction filtering, washing and drying in sequence after the hydrothermal reaction is ended to obtain the nanometer strontium-doped hydroxyapatite powder. The preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple, economic and controllable; experiment conditions are looser; purer strontium-doped HA (hydroxyapatite) powder with very even grain diameter can be obtained in the larger Ca/Sr rate and temperature range; and the preparation method disclosed by the invention is applied to industrial large-scale production.