The invention provides a method for extracting a drum load spectrum of a cutting unit of a drum shearer. The method comprises the steps of obtaining a coal rock occurrence condition of a rock sample of a coal rock; testing a stress condition of a single cutting tooth of a drum of the cutting unit of the shearer to obtain a mean load model of the single cutting tooth; randomizing the mean load model of the single cutting tooth to create a cutting load random theoretical model of the single cutting tooth; according to the cutting load random theoretical model of the single cutting tooth, superposing three-way cutting force of the single cutting tooth to obtain a drum load spectrum model of the cutting unit of the drum shearer; and performing transient response analysis on each part of the drum according to the drum load spectrum model of the shearer to obtain a load spectrum of each position of each part of the drum. According to the method, random load models of the single cutting tooth are superposed to obtain random three-way force and three-way moment in the mass center of the drum, so that load input bases can be provided for subsequent calculation, analysis, optimization design and the like of a transmission system of the cutting unit of the shearer.