The invention discloses a calculation method for asphalt and aggregate stripping rates of an asphalt pavement. The method comprises the following steps: 1) a water boiling method is used for treatingan aggregate wrapped with asphalt, and the asphalt stripping rate of the aggregate wrapped with the asphalt after water boiling is calculated; 2) a water damage sensitivity tester is used for simulating a real water damage mode of the pavement, the asphalt stripping rate of the aggregate wrapped with the asphalt after dynamic water damage is calculated, the stripping rate after the dynamic water damage treatment and the stripping rate after the water boiling are fitted, and a relation between the asphalt stripping rates after the dynamic water damage and the water boiling damage is obtained; and 3) the actual damage life of the asphalt pavement is calculated by utilizing the temperature, the pressure and the frequency of the water damage sensitivity tester, and the asphalt and aggregate stripping rates of the actual pavement in different years are calculated. The asphalt and aggregate stripping rates of the asphalt concrete pavement in the different years are calculated through the water boiling method; the quantitative calculation is carried out; and the operation is convenient, the cost is low, the reliability of a test result is high, and the engineering practice of the pavementis met.