The invention relates to an insect disease monitoring system based on unmanned plane multispectral remote sensing, belongs to the unmanned plane, communication, electronic, computer, chemical and agronomy fields and solves problems of time consuming, labor consuming, low efficiency, high cost and poor timeliness existing in a traditional insect disease monitoring system. According to the system, the unmanned plane embarkation remote sensing equipment is employed to accomplish insect disease monitoring, and the whole system comprises subsystems of an unmanned plane system, a multispectral remote sensing system, a data link system, a ground control system and an application system, can accomplish rapid data acquisition and timely generates data analysis reports. Through the system, images reflecting the insect disease situation can not only be displayed in real time, but also species identification can be carried out according to spectrum characteristics of different insects and vegetations.