The present invention relates to satellite autonomous relative navigation. In order to solve the problem of long-distance autonomous relative navigation, the present invention provides a relative navigation method using the line-of-sight angle information on the satellite. ;Establish the system model in the modified spherical coordinate system; carry out filter calculation. Compared with the existing technology, its advantages and beneficial effects are: no active ranging equipment is required to work, only the elevation angle and azimuth angle of the target need to be detected by the passive tracking and aiming equipment, combined with the relative navigation initial value, the relative navigation can be passed The filtering algorithm realizes real-time autonomous estimation of relative position and relative velocity, and provides the required information for relative orbit control. The relative navigation with only angle information is realized, so that the active star in the orbital rendezvous mission can realize autonomous relative navigation at a long distance, and the reliability of the rendezvous mission is improved.