The invention provides a concrete buckling-proof steel plate shear wall for a bottom strengthening zone of a steel structure dwelling. The concrete buckling-proof steel plate shear wall comprises a concrete buckling-proof cover plate and a steel plate wall provided with vertical stiffened ribs; the concrete buckling-proof cover plate is arranged on the outer side face of the steel plate wall provided with the vertical stiffened ribs, so that all cover plate bolt holes are concentrically aligned with corresponding steel plate wall bolt holes; and the tail ends of bolts sequentially penetrate through the steel plate wall bolt holes and the corresponding cover plate bolt holes, and nuts are screwed at the tail ends of the bolts. The concrete buckling-proof steel plate shear wall has the advantages that the concrete buckling-proof cover plate is installed on the outer side of the steel plate shear wall through the bolts, and by adjusting the hole diameter of reserved bolt holes of the concrete buckling-proof cover plate, it is ensured that relative slip can be generated between the steel plate shear wall and the concrete buckling-proof cover plate when the lateral force of the wall reaches a certain value, appearance of a tensile force band of the steel plate shear wall can be delayed due to existence of the concrete buckling-proof cover plate, and the shearing ability, the bearingcapacity and the earthquake resistance ability of the steel plate shear wall can be improved accordingly.