The invention discloses an underground plugging device and an under-pressure sucker rod and oil pipe lifting workover operation technology. A sealing convex seat with a sealing surface and a position limiting lug boss are arranged in an oil string; a rod pump is arranged in the part, positioned above the sealed convex seat, in the oil string in a matched way; the sealing surface of a sealing lug boss arranged on the rod pump is matched with the sealing surface of the sealing convex seat arranged in the oil string; an outer oil inlet hole is formed in the part, positioned below the position limiting lug boss, of the pipe wall of the oil string; an inner pipe is arranged in the section of oil string in a matched way; an inner oil inlet hole corresponding to the outer oil inlet hole of the oil string is formed in the pipe wall of the inner pipe; a sealing groove is formed in the part, positioned below the inner oil inlet hole of the inner pipe, of the pipe wall of the inner pipe; a sealing ring matched with the inner wall of the oil string in a matched way is arranged in the sealing groove; the upper end of the inner pipe is connected with the rod pump through a connecting-tripping device; and a pipe orifice formed in the lower end of the oil string is sealed. The structure is simple and reasonable; the performance is reliable; under-pressure sucker rod and oil pipe lifting workover operation can be realized; the underground pressure can be conveniently plugged for many times; and the safe, efficient, environment-friendly and energy-saving production can be realized.