The invention discloses a power line carrier communication apparatus used for overocean communication. The apparatus comprises a carrier transmitting terminal, a carrier receiving terminal and a neutral buoyancy cable. The carrier transmitting terminal emits a carrier signal and the carrier signal is transmitted to the carrier receiving terminal through the neutral buoyancy cable so as to be received. The carrier transmitting terminal comprises an upper computer serial interface, a master control chip, a power line carrier modulation module, an emission coupling circuit and a coupling transformer. The carrier receiving terminal comprises the upper computer serial interface, the master control chip, the power line carrier demodulation module, a receiving coupling circuit and a decoupling transformer. The neutral buoyancy cable is a light-buoyancy-material counter-weight coaxial cable. In the invention, during communication, a special communication cable is not added so that engineering cost and construction difficulty are greatly reduced; multichannel coupling is used so as to reach a high parallel communication rate; independent coupling and decoupling circuits of each channel guarantee effective modulation and demodulation of each independent channel carrier wave; and the special coaxial cable is used so that communication reliability is increased.