The invention provides a temperature-sensitive color-developing liquid crystal microcapsule. The liquid crystal microcapsule comprises a core material and a wall material, the core material is cholesteric liquid crystal, and the wall material is formed by interfacial polymerization of a polyacyl chloride compound and a polyamine compound. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the temperature-sensitive color-developing liquid crystal microcapsule. According to the temperature-sensitive color-developing liquid crystal microcapsule, different colors can be displayed along with temperature changes in different temperature ranges according to different liquid crystal formulas used as core materials, and the solvent resistance can be greatly improved while the reflectivity is notinfluenced, so that the stability of the liquid crystal microcapsule is improved, and the application range of the liquid crystal microcapsule is expanded.