The invention relates to an abrasion detection method and system for a track inspection rigid contact network, and the method comprises the steps: S1, obtaining an image of a contact line in the rigid contact network and first related data corresponding to the image, and obtaining a corresponding first rigid contact network abrasion index based on the first related data; the first relevant data corresponding to the image comprises the existing times of the contact line passing through the pantograph at the moment of shooting the image, the temperature of the contact line, the current between the pantograph and the contact line, the running speed of the subway, the contact pressure between the contact line and the pantograph and the longitudinal jerk of running of the subway; lateral acceleration in the subway car; and S2, judging whether the first rigid contact network abrasion index is higher than a preset second rigid contact network abrasion index B or not, and if so, performing abrasion detection on an image of the contact line corresponding to the first rigid contact network abrasion index to obtain the abrasion loss of the contact line in the image.