Method for tunably capturing and screening chalcogenide particles above substrate through utilizing linearly polarized planar light waves

The invention relates to a method for tunably capturing and screening chalcogenide particles above a substrate through utilizing linearly polarized planar light waves. According to the method, the chalcogenide particles are arranged above the flat substrate plate; the symmetrical distribution of Poynting vectors around the chalcogenide particles is destroyed, so that the total Poynting vector on the chalcogenide particles is not zero, and therefore, a non-gradient optical force can be generated; the lattice structure of the chalcogenide is changed, so that the direction and magnitude of the total Poynting vector on the chalcogenide particles can be changed, and therefore, the direction and magnitude of the non-gradient optical force which is acted on the chalcogenide particles by the total Poynting vector can be changed, and as a result, the movement tracks of the chalcogenide particles in an incident light field can be adjusted and controlled, and tunable capture and screening of nanoscale molecules attached to the surfaces of the chalcogenide particles can be realized; and the lattice structure of the chalcogenide can be changed through modes such as illumination, electrification, heating and pressurization.