The invention discloses a vegetable greenhouse planting environment detection device in the field of environment monitoring, and the vegetable greenhouse planting environment detection device comprises a box body, the upper end of the box body is provided with a placement seat, the left side of the upper end of the placement seat is provided with a lower sliding column, the upper end of the lower sliding column is provided with an upper sliding column, and the upper sliding column is slidably connected in the lower sliding column; a first locking bolt is arranged on the upper portion of the outer side wall of the lower sliding column and rotationally connected with the lower sliding column. The height between an upper sliding column and a lower sliding column is adjusted, a photovoltaic panel of the upper sliding column penetrates through a greenhouse to be connected to the outside, and after the position is determined, the first locking bolt is locked, the photovoltaic panel operates, electric energy is generated, generated direct current is converted into alternating current through an inverter, the alternating current is stored in a storage battery pack, and the electric energy is provided. An external power supply is replaced for operation, limitation of the position of the power supply is avoided, a light source outside the greenhouse is utilized, waste is avoided, electric energy loss is reduced, and the cost is reduced.