The invention provides a cadmium sulfide quantum dot and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps of placing plant tubers containing starch in a container, adding water,conducting heating extraction, cooling and filtering, and obtaining a plant leaching solution containing starch; and adding thioacetamide and cadmium sulfate, stirring, putting into an electronic steam pressure sterilization pot, reacting at the temperature of 121 DEG C under the pressure of 102kPa, and cooling to obtain the cadmium sulfide quantum dots. According to the method, the cadmium sulfide quantum dots are prepared in situ in one step in a short reaction time under the conditions of low temperature and low pressure by taking the plant leaching solution containing starch as a stabilizer and a modifier.