Test device and test method for simulating soil mass column hole expansion

The invention discloses a test device and a test method for simulating soil mass column hole expansion. The test device comprises a model box, a door type bracket, a soil compacting device, a high-speed video camera, a confining pressure device and a data acquisition device, wherein the model box is of a rectangular parallelepiped structure, one short edge side surface thereof is made of a tempered glass plate, the high-speed video camera directly faces the transparent glass surface, the door type bracket is erected on two sides of the model box in the short edge direction, and the soil compacting device comprises a roller shaft assembly, a hanging cloth, a crank handle and a cover plate; and the confining pressure device is arranged on the other side corresponding to the transparent glassof the model box, and comprises an air bag, a loading plate, a partition plate and a vacuum pump; and the data acquisition device comprises a load cell, a pore water pressure gauge and an earth pressure box. The test device and the test method realize the synchronous dynamic test of the soil compacting effect, and overcome the deficiency that the prior art can only study the soil mass column holeexpansion through theoretical analysis.