Surface charge reduction technique for capacitive sensors
a capacitive sensor and surface charge technology, applied in the direction of resistance/reactance/impedence, instruments, measurement devices, etc., can solve the problems of signal transfer to the input of the amplifier, surface charge build-up, and disturbance of the system operation
Active Publication Date: 2013-02-28
ROBERT BOSCH GMBH
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Benefits of technology
The patent describes a differential capacitive transducer system that can sense a physical quantity. The system includes first and second capacitive cores and a chopping system that can switch between a high state and a low state. The chopping system includes a main clock and a chopping clock that control the charging and discharging of the cores. The system also includes a first feedback path and a second feedback path to ensure accurate sensing. The technical effect of the patent is to provide a reliable and efficient way to measure physical quantities with a high degree of accuracy.
Problems solved by technology
It is well-known that applying voltage waveforms with non-zero average values across pairs of electrodes in a micro-machined transducer leads to a build-up of surface charge, which disturbs the operation of the system.
A second disadvantage of the readout circuit in FIG. 2 is that the signal is transferred to the input of the amplifier through a single signal line 212.
It is also generally known that such “single-ended” implementations are susceptible to unwanted interference.
It is once again apparent that the waveforms have a non-zero average value, hence the surface charging problem persists in the differential implementation as well.
Method used
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Embodiment Construction
[0036]FIG. 6 represents a top-level view of three variations of a differential circuit, for example the differential circuit of FIG. 4. FIG. 6(a) represents the differential circuit as shown in FIG. 4, which as explained above has a non-zero average voltage across the electrodes in the transducer 402. FIG. 6(b) represents the differential circuit as shown in FIG. 4 with the bridge capacitor inputs inverted. This only reverses the polarity of the voltage waveforms on the bridge capacitors, which does nothing to reduce the non-zero average voltage across the electrodes. FIG. 6(c) represents the differential circuit as shown in FIG. 4 with the inputs to the bridge capacitors swapped. This only moves the voltage waveform from core CA to core CB and moves the voltage waveform from core CB to CA, which also does nothing to reduce the non-zero average voltage across the electrodes. In essence, all three circuits in FIG. 6 are the same. It would be desirable to design a circuit that has a s...
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A differential capacitive transducer system is disclosed that includes first and second capacitive cores and a chopping system. The first core a first input coupled to a first capacitor, a second input coupled to a second capacitor, and a first output. The second core includes a third input coupled to a third capacitor, a fourth input coupled to a fourth capacitor, and a second output. The chopping system has first and fourth inputs coupled to positive signals, and second and third inputs coupled to negative signals. As the chopping system switches between high and low states, it couples the core inputs to different polarity signals reducing charge buildup. The different polarity signals can have substantially same magnitudes. Chopper clock and main clock frequencies can be selected to provide substantially zero average voltages at the core inputs. The system can include an integrator circuit and differential summing circuits.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13 / 220,457, filed on Aug. 29, 2011, entitled “Surface Charge Reduction Technique for Capacitive Sensors,” which is incorporated herein by reference.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0002]This patent relates to capacitive transducers, and more particularly to techniques for reducing surface charge build-up in capacitive transducers.[0003]Transducers convert a general physical quantity (for example, acceleration, pressure, etc.) to quantities that can be processed by electronic circuits. In particular, capacitive transducers produce a change of capacitance, corresponding to the magnitude of the measured input signal. Readout circuits for capacitive transducers transform the capacitance change produced by the transducer to an electrical signal. In the process, the circuits apply voltage waveforms to the transducer electrodes.[0004]A capacitive accelerometer, a capacitive transd...
Claims
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IPC IPC(8): G01R27/26
CPCG01P15/125G01D5/24
Inventor PETKOV, VLADIMIRBALACHANDRAN, GANESH
Owner ROBERT BOSCH GMBH
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