Frequency-dependent processing and interpretation (FDPI) of seismic data for identifying, imaging and monitoring fluid-saturated underground reservoirs

Inactive Publication Date: 2005-09-06
RGT UNIV OF CALIFORNIA
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Benefits of technology

[0024]From the structure of Eq. (1), it follows that the frictional term dominates at low frequencies, while the viscous term dominates at high frequencies; therefore, the viscosity is the main factor responsible for wave dissipation. Substitution of Eq. (2) in Eq. (1) gives the following expressions α=vpq, ⁢k=ω⁢ ⁢qv(7)where⁢ ⁢q=12-p⁢ ⁢γ+14+p2⁢(v2⁢βω2-γ),⁢p=12⁢ω2⁢γ+v2⁢βv4+ω2⁢γ2(8)When⁢ ⁢γ=0, ⁢q=12⁢1+1+β2ω2, ⁢p=β2⁢v2.(9)
[0025]Thus the decrease of Q at low frequencies can be explained by the presence of a frictional dissipation mechanism.
[0026]The suggested method uses two kinds of frequency-dependent information about a wave reflected from target layers: apparent dispersion of velocity and dependence of amplitude on frequency. Each of the mapping functions A(x), DA(x), and DP(x) can be used independently, although combining two or all three of them brings the most reliable results. All measurements here are to be done for the lower part of seismic signal frequencies, when the layer thickness is substantially less than a dominant wavelength.

Problems solved by technology

The result is that such waves almost cancel one another, resulting in the layer being obscured in the seismic data.
Typically this means that traditional seismic methods cannot image layers less than 10 meters thick.
First, the low-frequency portions of the exciting seismic vibrations include stronger reflections at the low frequencies.
Second, an apparent anomalous velocity dispersion occurs in the reflected waves where high frequencies arrive earlier than low frequencies.

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  • Frequency-dependent processing and interpretation (FDPI) of seismic data for identifying, imaging and monitoring fluid-saturated underground reservoirs
  • Frequency-dependent processing and interpretation (FDPI) of seismic data for identifying, imaging and monitoring fluid-saturated underground reservoirs
  • Frequency-dependent processing and interpretation (FDPI) of seismic data for identifying, imaging and monitoring fluid-saturated underground reservoirs

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[0044]Computer: any device capable of performing the steps developed in this invention to result in an optimal waterflood injection, including but not limited to: a microprocessor, a digital state machine, a field programmable gate array (FGPA), a digital signal processor, a collocated integrated memory system with microprocessor and analog or digital output device, a distributed memory system with microprocessor and analog or digital output device connected with digital or analog signal protocols.

[0045]Computer readable media: any source of organized information that may be processed by a computer to perform the steps developed in this invention to result in an optimal waterflood injection, including but not limited to: a magnetically readable storage system; optically readable storage media such as punch cards or printed matter readable by direct methods or methods of optical character recognition; other optical storage media such as a compact disc (CD), a digital versat

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Abstract

A method for identifying, imaging and monitoring dry or fluid-saturated underground reservoirs using seismic waves reflected from target porous or fractured layers is set forth. Seismic imaging the porous or fractured layer occurs by low pass filtering of the windowed reflections from the target porous or fractured layers leaving frequencies below low-most corner (or full width at half maximum) of a recorded frequency spectra. Additionally, the ratio of image amplitudes is shown to be approximately proportional to reservoir permeability, viscosity of fluid, and the fluid saturation of the porous or fractured layers.

Description

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Claims

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Application Information

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Owner RGT UNIV OF CALIFORNIA
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