Wind field gradient measuring method

The invention relates to a wind field gradient measuring method. A lifting rope is suspended at the lower end of an aerostat, and a hanging ball is suspended at the tail end of the lifting rope. The change of the lifting rope along with time is not considered, and the measuring method comprises the following steps: 1, the hanging ball moving under a wind field load; meanwhile, the lifting rope being driven to move, taking any point U on the lifting rope; establishing a rectangular plane coordinate system by taking the fixed end point of the lifting rope as an original point 0, the initial balance position of the lifting rope as a Y axis, the vertical upward direction as a positive direction, the direction vertical to the Y axis as an X axis and the horizontal rightward direction as a positive direction, and detecting an included angle theta between the lifting rope at a U point and an OX axis or a tensile force T1 borne by the lifting rope at the U point. The method does not need a large amount of electric energy consumption, replaces a traditional wind speed detection instrument with a model calculation mode, is high in precision and reliability, can effectively measure the gradient of the high-altitude wind field in a low-energy-consumption, long-term and high-precision mode, and can be used for controlling the airship to stay at a low-wind-speed height and reducing energy consumption.