The invention discloses a preparation method of an anode material LiMxNiyMn2-x-yO4. The processes are as follows: (1) metering Li, Ni, Mn and salt doped with metal M according to the ratio of a chemical formula LiMxNiyMn2-x-yO4, putting the materials into a reactor, then adding water to form mixed solution, in the chemical formula, x is smaller than or equal to 0.3 and greater than or equal to 0, and y is smaller than or equal to 0.5 and greater than 0, metering fuel according to the molar ratio of the fuel to the Li being 0.5-2.5 to 1 and putting the fuel into a container; then adding water to form fuel solution; adding the fuel solution into the mixed solution; agitating for 5-10 hours at a normal pressure at 50-80 DEG C and heating to 90-95 DEG C to agitate until foaming, or directly agitating until foaming at the normal pressure at 80-95 DEG C to obtain precursor slurry; (2) inputting the precursor slurry into a fuel tower, atomizing the precursor slurry through high-pressure air, and burning the atomized precursor slurry under the action of the fuel and compressed air, wherein the combustion product is precursor powder; (3) carrying out tempering on the precursor powder for 1-10 hours at 600-1000 DEG C at the normal pressure, and then naturally cooling the precursor powder to a room temperature to obtain the LiMxNiyMn2-x-yO4.