The invention discloses a portable storage and recycling device based on hyperpolarized gas. The portable storage and recycling device comprises a storage device and a recycling device, the storage device comprises a tank body, the tank body is internally provided with a first gas chamber and a second gas chamber which are mutually independent, the first gas chamber is internally provided with a first solenoid coil, the first solenoid coil is internally provided with a polarized cavity, the hyperpolarized gas is stored in the polarized cavity, the second gas chamber is internally provided with a second solenoid coil, the second solenoid coil is internally provided with multiple layers of trays, and gas storage bags are placed in the trays; the recycling device comprises a T-shaped valve, an extraction and storage unit and a gas recycling bag. The portable storage and recycling device based on the hyperpolarized gas has the advantages that the storage device is simple and convenient to carry, and the polarizing degree of the hyperpolarized gas can be maintained within certain time. The storage device along with the recycling device can form an integral body, and the problem that traditional hyperpolarized gas rapidly depolarizes in transportation and operation is overcome.