The invention belongs to the technical field of geological exploration, and particularly relates to geological exploration equipment for geological exploration, when holes are drilled in a viscous gravel ground, crushed aggregates in a material taking pipe can extrude air in the material taking pipe, the air in the material taking pipe is discharged through a first vent groove and a second vent groove, and the air in the material taking pipe is discharged through the first vent groove and the second vent groove, it is guaranteed that the material taking pipe can be filled with the crushed materials, and then the material taking effect is guaranteed; after sampling is completed, a limiting block and a material taking pipe vibrate up and down under the combined action of the thrust of a cam and the elastic force of a reset spring, so that crushed aggregates adhered to the inner wall of the material taking pipe are separated from the inner wall of the material taking pipe, and the crushed aggregates are conveniently taken out; the angle of the ground nail can be freely adjusted, so that the ground nail is inserted into the ground surface according to the shape of the ground surface, the angles of the hemispherical block, the connecting rod, the pressing plate and the ground nail are kept unchanged in the drilling process through the supporting effect of the supporting rod, and therefore it is guaranteed that a drill bit always moves downwards along the axis, and a drilling pipe is prevented from being damaged.