The invention provides an orthopedic surgery traction bed, which is characterized in that a vertical rod is connected with a surgical bed, the vertical rod is connected with a traction frame through afirst controllable air spring, the traction frame is connected with an extending arm through a second controllable air spring, the extending arm is connected with a penetrating block, a long nut anda guide plate are arranged in the penetrating block, and a screw is arranged in the long nut, while in use, traction can be implemented by rotating the screw, lifting is controlled through the first controllable air spring, abduction and adduction are controlled through the second controllable air spring, internal and external rotation of the lower limbs is controlled through the rotating guide plate, and therefore free regulation and control of resetting, lifting, abduction and adduction are completed, time and labor are saved, operation is convenient, intraoperative fluoroscopy is not affected, and the possibility of surgical incision pollution is reduced.