Biological detention pond for improving ability of nitrogen and phosphorus removal

The invention provides a biological detention pond for improving the ability of nitrogen and phosphorus removal. The biological detention pond includes a water reserve and a detention pond body structure arranged on the lower part of the water reserve, the detention pond body structure includes a planting soil layer, a packing area and a pebble bed from top to bottom, wherein the packing area is internally provided with a plurality of layers of impermeable geotechnical cloths, the detention pond body structure is divided into a plurality of layers of corridors, one ends of the impermeable geotechnical cloths are connected to the inner wall of the detention pond body structure, the other ends of the impermeable geotechnical cloths are free ends, a serpentine water seepage passageway is formed among the multiple layers of corridors, and the multiple layers of corridors are filled with different fillers correspondingly; and the pebble bed communicates with the water seepage passageway, and a perforated drainage pipe is arranged in the pebble bed. According to the biological detention pond for improving the ability of nitrogen and phosphorus removal, through design of the multiple layers of corridors, the hydraulic retention time of rainwater in the detention pond can be increased, phosphorus removal is facilitated, entering of oxygen can be isolated, an anoxic zone and an anaerobic zone are arranged on the lower part of the biological detention pond, and nitrogen removal is facilitated.