The invention belongs to the technical field of expansion glue and discloses flame-retardant environment-friendly damping expansion glue for a vehicle and a preparation method of the flame-retardant environment-friendly damping expansion glue. The damping expansion rubber comprises the following raw materials: 5-20 parts of solid rubber, 10-40 parts of liquid rubber, 10-30 parts of a tackifier, 2-20 parts of a softener, 1-3 parts of a curing agent, 1-3 parts of a foaming agent, 5-10 parts of a moisture absorbent, 5-20 parts of a flame retardant, 3-10 parts of a smoke suppression synergist, 1-5 parts of a stabilizer, 10-15 parts of a filler and 1-3 parts of a vulcanizing agent. The flame retardant and the smoke suppression synergist are matched for use, so that the shock-absorbing expansion rubber cannot burn or generate toxic and harmful smoke after being grilled at high temperature, the addition of the flame retardant and the smoke suppression synergist cannot generate negative influence on the mechanical property of the rubber body, and the shock-absorbing expansion rubber is easily available in raw materials, low in price, simple in preparation method and suitable for industrial production. And the product is uniform in structure and stable in performance, meets the requirements of national standards, and is suitable for industrial application.