The invention relates to a supercharger inlet air adjusting device and control method. A servo motor, a worm, a shell, a linkage ring, an adjustable guide blade driven bevel gear, an adjustable guideblade and a rectification blade are included, the servo motor is connected with the worm, the linkage ring is arranged on the shell, the worm is meshed with a bevel gear ring of the linkage ring, thebevel gear ring of the linkage ring is meshed with the adjustable guide blade driven bevel gear, and the adjustable guide blade and the rectification blade are arranged in the shell; the engine inletair flow, namely the supercharger compressor inlet air flow, and the impeller rotating speed change; and an ECU transmits a control command to a servo motor control unit according to input signals ofthe inlet air flow and the supercharger impeller rotating speed, the guide blade is adjusted according to a calibrating procedure to rotate by a certain angle, and a supercharger inlet flow field is adjusted to have the best aerodynamics performance. By means of the supercharger inlet air adjusting device and control method, the supercharger inlet air flow field is optimized, noise of a supercharger during work is reduced, the engine performance is improved, and the device and the method are applied to the technical field of automobile engines.