Provided in the present invention are a molecule for biomarking cancers and a test composition for screening cancers and a detection method thereof comprising designing a number of oligonucleotide primers or probes by analyzing specimens for methylated regions of targeted genes PAX1, ZNF582, SOX1 and NKX6-1 in physical examination, and then using the oligonucleotide probes to detect whether methylation exists in the target genes, and further judge the likelihood of the occurrence of cancer. The detection methods for methylation status include methylation-specific PCR, (MSP), quantitative methylation-specific PCR (QMSP), bisulfate sequencing (BS), microarrays, mass spectrometer, denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC), pyrosequencing, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).