The invention relates to a preparation method of a ternary terbium complex monomer and a copolymer luminescent material of the ternary terbium complex monomer and MMA. The method comprises the steps that firstly, the ternary terbium complex monomer is prepared, and recrystallization is conducted on an initiating agent AIBN (azodiisobutyronitrile) through methyl alcohol; then the ternary terbium complex monomer is dissolved by utilizing DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide) and DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) or a toluene solvent respectively, wherein the molar ratio of the ternary terbium complex monomer to the MMA is 1-10 to 100, and the initiating agent AIBN accounts for 0.5%-1% of the total mass of an initiating system; after reaction is conducted for 20-60 h under the conditions that inert gas argon exists, water and oxygen do not exist, and the temperature ranges from 50 DEG C to 85 DEG C, copolymer powder is obtained through methyl alcohol reprecipitation. The copolymer can be used for electronic terminals such as computers, televisions and mobile phones and mainly serves as the luminescent material of the panel display field. In addition, due to the fact that a pendant group -N-H- of the copolymer contains a reactive hydrogen atom, the copolymer can be used for ion recognition and fluorescent probes.