Laser acceleration proton beam homogenization method and device

The invention discloses a laser acceleration proton beam homogenization method and device. According to the beam homogenization transmission line, a combination of a quadrupole magnet and a high-order magnet is adopted, beam homogenization operation is carried out on a proton beam in the X direction and the Y direction, and the cross section of the proton beam is gradually changed into a rectangular beam which is uniformly distributed; according to the method, a control method that a traditional cancer treatment accelerator uses continuous scanning and dose superposition is abandoned, an original Gaussian distribution beam bunch is optimized into a relatively regular rectangle with uniformly distributed particles, and the application of rectangular beam spots enables a scanning and superposition irradiation area to cover a focus without overlapping; the utilization rate of particles generated by laser can be maximized, and the particles can be converted into a rectangular beam which is easier to control, so that step scanning can be conveniently carried out in the treatment process, and an irradiated focus can be ensured to receive uniform and controllable dose irradiation; according to the invention, the high-order magnet is adopted to complete the optimization of the uniformity of the laser-driven proton beam, and the project of a laser-driven proton treatment device is promoted.