Diffusion barrier films enabling the stability of lithium

[0015]The following disclosure describes anode electrodes, high performance electrochemical cells and batteries including the aforementioned anode electrodes, and methods for fabricating the same. Certain details are set forth in the following description and in FIGS. 1-5 to provide a thorough understanding of various implementations of the disclosure. Other details describing well-known structures and systems often associated with electrochemical cells and batteries are not set forth in the following disclosure to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the description of the various implementations.

[0016]Many of the details, dimensions, angles and other features shown in the Figures are merely illustrative of particular implementations. Accordingly, other implementations can have other details, components, dimensions, angles and features without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure. In addition, further implementations of the disclosure can be practiced without several