The invention relates to auxiliary agent component-containing boehmite and/or pseudo boehmite, and applications thereof, wherein the mass fraction of the auxiliary agent component is 0.1-10% by adopting the dry basis to calculate and by adopting the auxiliary agent component-containing boehmite and/or pseudo boehmite as the reference, and the auxiliary agent component is one or a plurality of materials selected from group IIIA, group IVA, group VA, group VIIA, group IIA, group IIB, group IIIB, and group IVB. The preparation method comprises: (1) roasting at least an alumina hydrate; (2) mixing the roasted product obtained in the step (1), at least a boehmite and/or pseudo boehmite, an auxiliary agent component-containing compound, and water to obtain a mixture; (3) carrying out a hydrothermal treatment on the mixture obtained in the step (2) in a sealed reactor; and (4) drying the product obtained in the step (3). The auxiliary agent component-containing boehmite and/or pseudo boehmite can be used as the raw material for preparing the formed alumina carrier and the adsorbent.