The invention discloses preparation of an aramid fiber modifying solution and relates to a surface modifying method of aramid fibers. The aramid fiber modifying solution comprises a pretreatment solution and a re-treatment solution, wherein the pretreatment solution is prepared from 180-200 parts of toluene, 16-18 parts of polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate and 3-6 parts of epoxy resin; the re-treatment solution is prepared from 180-220 parts of deionized water, 8-12 parts of A-stage resorcinol-formaldehyde resin, 8-16 parts of 25%-30% ammonium hydroxide, 160-200 parts of butadiene-vinylpyridine latex, 5-10 parts of 36%-40% of a formaldehyde solution, 0-5 parts of tannic acid and 0-5 parts of tea polyphenol. By treating the aramid fibers with the solution, surface roughness of the aramid fibers can be improved effectively, quantity of active groups on the surface of the aramid fibers is increased, and adhesiveness of the aramid fibers with different kinds of rubber is improved.