164 results about "Environmental chemistry" patented technology

The invention discloses a layered remediation method for chromium contaminated soil. The method comprises the following steps: detecting the actual chromium contamination condition of soil, determining the boundary of severe and mild chromium contaminated soil on soil depth, performing remediation on the severe chromium contaminated soil by adopting a chemical reduction stabilization method, performing remediation on the mild chromium contaminated soil by adopting a chemical or biochemical reduction stabilization method, performing soil conservation, balancing the soil acidity and alkalinity and performing later-stage tracking and monitoring. An actual chromium contaminated field serves as a support, the combined remediation methods are selected aiming at the current situation that the contamination degrees of the upper soil and the bottom soil are different, the severe chromium contaminated soil on the surface layer is subjected to remediation by adopting the chemical reduction stabilization method, the mild chromium contaminated soil on the deep layer is subjected to remediation by adopting the chemical or biochemical reduction stabilization method, the defects that the soil properties are not distinguished and a same remediation method is adopted in a unified mode in the previous research are overcome, and ex-situ remediation and in-situ remediation are combined to be used, so that the remediation method is reasonable in application under the condition that the remediation effect is guaranteed, the remediation cost is reduced, and the method can be applied to actual soil remediation on a large scale.

A composition and a process for using the composition to treat water for clarifying, sanitizing, or disinfecting water wherein the composition comprises an active oxygen compound and one or more precursors for generating chlorine dioxide (ClO₂), and the process comprises contacting water with a solid composition comprising an active oxygen compound and precursors for generating ClO₂ and is characterized in that, upon the contacting, at least 10 grams of the composition can be dissolved in about 3.8 liters of water at 25° C. in less than about 60 minutes, thereby generating a solution containing at least about 40 ppm ClO₂, is disclosed.

A system and method for separating air into components uses an air dehydration membrane for removing water vapor from compressed air. Dried compressed air is then directed, from the dehydration membrane, into a gas separation module which may be a membrane system, different from the air dehydration membrane, or a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) system. The air dehydration membrane is made of a hydrophilic polymer having a permeability for water vapor which is greater than its permeability for air, and having low selectivity between oxygen and nitrogen. The air dehydration membrane has a hydrophilic coating, which itself may be a polymer. The coating does not affect the selectivity of the coated dehydration membrane with respect to oxygen and nitrogen, but does increase selectivity of the membrane with respect to water vapor.

A method of enhancing the concentration of a first inorganic compound in a first aqueous solution of a first process of a heavy chemical plant, the method comprising (a) feeding the first solution having the first compound at a first concentration and a first water vapor pressure to an osmotic membrane distillation means comprising a hydrophobic, gas and water vapor permeable membrane separating (i) a first chamber for receiving the first solution, from (ii) a second chamber for receiving a receiver feed aqueous solution having a second water vapor pressure lower than the first water vapor pressure; (b) feeding the receiver aqueous feed solution to the second chamber as to effect transfer of water vapor through the membrane from the first chamber to the second chamber, and to produce (i) a resultant first solution having a second concentration of the first compound greater than the first concentration and (ii) a diluted receiver feed aqueous solution; and (c) collecting the resultant first solution. The apparatus and method are of particular value in electrolytic haloalkali production plants in offering reduced capital and operating re-concentration and dilution costs.

There is provided a method for reducing the content of at least one water soluble volatile organic compound in a gas. The method comprises contacting the gas with an aqueous acidic oxidizing composition comprising H₂O₂ and a metal catalyst, and submitting the at least one water soluble volatile organic compound and the aqueous acidic oxidizing composition to an UV radiation.

The invention discloses an alcaligenes faecalis and application thereof. The alcaligenes faecalis is named alcaligenes faecalis (Alcaligenesfaecalis) NR and is stored in the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC) with CGMCCNo.7543 on April 28, 2013. The alcaligenes faecalis is applicable to the treatment of nitrogen-containing organic wastewater and can be used for synchronously removing nitrogen and organic carbon in the wastewater. The alcaligenesfaecalis NR has both functions of denitriding and removing the organic carbon synchronously, only needs one aerobic stage to realize the synchronous removal of the organic carbon and nitrogen, and has the removal rate of about 80 to 90% for the organic ratio, and the removal rate of about 78 to 88% for TN (Total Nitrogen).

The invention discloses a catalytic purification method of chlorobenzene waste gas. The invention includes the following steps: the reaction is carried out by introducing humid air into the waste gas containing chlorobenzene in the presence of the catalyst; the catalyst is composed of a carrier which is stable in humid air, transition metal oxide which is carried on the carrier, rare earth oxide and phosphoric acid; the using method of the invention is that, the invention can stably convert the chlorobenzene in the waste gas into carbon dioxide and hydrogen chloride in a long time in humid air, at lower reaction temperature and in the presence of oxidation decomposition catalyst, while the activity of the catalyst is not reduced; the catalyst is composed of transition metal oxide and rare earth oxide, so the cost of the catalyst is low. The invention uses the extremely economical method for eliminating chlorohydrocarbon in the waste gas, has no formation of polychlorinated by-products and does not cause secondary pollution, so the invention is a very effective method for the treatment of the waste gas containing chlorohydrocarbon and has greater environmental protection application prospect.

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological sewage treatment, in particular relates to a method for quickly enriching phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAOs) in activated sludge. In the invention, a SBR (sequencing batch reactor) is used for successively inoculating aerobic phosphorus accumulating activated sludge of an aeration tank in an AAO (anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic) process and denitrifying phosphorus accumulating sludge of a pre-anoxic tank in a pre-concentration oxidation ditch process, denitrifying phosphorus accumulating organisms (DNPAOs) can fully utilize aerobically generated nitrate nitrogen for carrying out denitrifying phosphorus uptake, and simultaneously, the degradation of the nitrate nitrogen is favorable for anaerobic phosphorus release of aerobic PAOs. Compared with the traditional direct continuous culture method, the method provided by the invention can effectively shorten the enrichment time of the PAOs, thereby realizing the efficient and stable operation of an enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) system.

The invention relates to a mercury-containing fumes emission continuous monitoring system and a monitoring method thereof. The monitoring system comprises a sampling device, a reactor, a gas and water separating device, and a mercury concentration measuring device which are sequentially connected through a pipeline; the reactor is connected with a first container containing a divalent mercury adsorption solution through a first peristaltic pump, and is also connected with a second container containing a divalent mercury reduction solution through a second peristaltic pump; and the sampling device, the first peristaltic pump, the second peristaltic pump and the mercury measuring device are separately electrically connected with a control circuit. The monitoring method comprises: firstly, the divalent mercury adsorption solution is pumped into the reactor to adsorb the divalent mercury in the fumes, and the mercury concentration measuring device is used to measure the concentration of zero valent mercury in the fumes; secondly, the divalent mercury reduction solution is pumped into the reactor to reduce the divalent mercury to be zero valent mercury, and the concentration obtained by the mercury measuring device at the same time is the concentration of the mercury in the fumes. The monitoring system of the invention is simple in structure, can prevent environment pollution, is highly reliable, achieves on-line automatic continuous monitoring, and improves operation efficiency and measurement accuracy.

The invention discloses a method for removing phenol in phenol contained wastewater by using a hollow fiber membrane. The method comprises the following steps of: mixing a carrier and a diluent to prepare an extractant, wherein the adopted extractant carrier is tributyl phosphate, and the adopted diluent is coal oil or benzene; stirring and fully mixing the extractant and a stripping agent to prepare treating fluid; removing the phenol out of the phenol contained wastewater by using a hollow fiber membrane device; and after pretreating the hollow fiber membrane device, injecting the treating fluid into a tube pass of a membrane component, and injecting the phenol contained wastewater into a shell pass of the hollow fiber membrane component, wherein the wastewater can be treated through the same membrane component or a plurality of serial membrane components in a circular manner for many times; after the wastewater is subjected to two-stage treatment, the phenol concentration is less than 100mg/L; and after the wastewater is subjected to five-stage treatment, the phenol concentration is less than 5mg/L, the removal rate reaches up to 99.8 percent, and the wastewater reaches the national emission standard.

The invention discloses denitrifying phosphorus removal bacteria bacillus cereus H-hrb01, and belongs to the technical fields of biological engineering and environmental engineering, wherein bacillus cereus H-hrb01 belongs to bacillus genus by identification and is conserved in the general microbiology centre of the China committee for culture collection of microorganisms, the conservation date is March 27th 2012, and the conservation number is CGMCC NO.5939; bacillus cereus H-hrb01 can take various organic matters as carbon sources, has good denitrifying and phosphorus-removing efficiency, and can be used for sewage biological denitrification and dephosphorization process; bacillus cereus H-hrb01 is activated and cultivated, and fed into artificial wastewater to mix and then introduced into an SBR (styrene butadiene rubber) biofortification device, and each effluent index of the reactor is superior to that of a contrast system which is not fed with the bacterial strain. The removal rates of the COD (chemical oxygen demand), ammonia nitrogen and dissoluble phosphorus in the sewage are respectively up to 93.90%, 97.70% and 96.25%.

The present invention provides a method for preparing a coated bismuth vanadate pigment, comprising steps of: providing a bismuth vanadate substrate of a specified particle size; adding pure water to the bismuth vanadate substrate of the specified particle size to formulate a basic coating slurry; heating the basic coating slurry, carrying out a chemical reaction for coating, adjusting the pH, and carrying out filtering, washing, drying, sintering, wet milling, filtering and washing after the coating reaction is complete, to obtain coated bismuth vanadate; and adding pure water to the obtained coated bismuth vanadate to formulate a basic coating slurry, and repeating the previous step for a specified number of times, to obtain a final coated bismuth vanadate pigment. Through the method for preparing a coated bismuth vanadate pigment of the present invention, acid resistance, alkali resistance and temperature resistance of the obtained coated bismuth vanadate pigment can be improved, thereby avoiding interference between different layers in the multilayer coating process.

The invention relates to a method for recycling methylal in glyphosate wastewater. The method comprises the following steps of: 1) treating the chloromethane tail gas obtained by deacidifying the glyphosate through a dealcoholization kettle with three-stage condensation and multi-stage washing in a water scrubber, wherein the chloromethane gas enters into a compression system so as to be recycled, and the condensate enters into a dilute methyl alcohol storage tank; pumping the condensate in the dilute methyl alcohol storage tank into a preheating kettle with the temperature of 50-60 DEG C to preheat the dilute methyl alcohol for 10-15min, then, distilling the preheated dilute methyl alcohol in a distillation tower; distilling out the low-boiling point methylal from the top of the distillation tower, discharging after reflowing and condensing, and conveying the condensate into a collection tank. The method not only can effectively reduce the potential safety hazards caused by wastewater discharge, but also can effectively recycle the methylal, and can improve the recovery rate of the methylal to be more than 96%.

The invention relates to a novel extraction method of a plant crude drug, namely a method for extracting fucoidan polysaccharide sulfate. The name of the preparation commodity is a haikun shenxi capsule. The method comprises the following main extracting steps: (1) adding 10-fold water to a dried kelp to soak for 8 hours, controlling room temperature at 8-32 DEG C, taking a soak solution to be concentrated into 1/5 of original volume for later use, and separating out alginate on the surface of a marine organism by adopting the step; (2) taking out and cutting up the soaked kelp, and homogenating by using an AH high-pressure homogenizer; (3) adding sodium hydroxide to homogenated liquid to adjust the pH value to 12, stirring for 30 minutes, standing for 12 hours, adjusting the pH value to 1.5-2 by using a hydrochloric acid, stirring for 8 hours, and standing for 12 hours; (4) filtering; (5) merging filtrate with a concentrated solution in the step (1) and desalting by adopting specific 500 electroosmosis; (6) concentrating and decoloring soup; (7) centrifuging, and washing a filter cake by using 95% ethanol; (8) drying and crushing a dry substance. The yield is improved, and the cost is reduced. Compared with the prior art, the yield of the method is improved by over 40% by detection.

The invention relates to a preparation method for the composite flocculant of printing and dyeing wastewater mainly treating reactive dyes, comprising the following steps: (1) reactive clay mine, flocculant and fixing agent Y are weighted according to the mass ratio of 10-50:10:0-2 and then thrown and added into the printing and dyeing wastewater; and (2) the throwing and adding sequence is firstly adding the clay mine and then the flocculant, wherein, the flocculant is thrown and added in a form of powder or liquid shape, finally, the liquid-shaped fixing agent Y with the concentration of 2g/L is added, with the rapid stirring 250r/min for 1min of the time, the slow stirring 80-100r/min for 13-8min of the time and 8min of the standing. The composite flocculant improves the printing and dyeing wastewater decolorization rate and the COD removal efficiency, simultaneously enhances the sedimentation performance and the filtration rate, and also reduces the sediment; especially, the removal rate for the reactive dyes waste liquid COD reaches over 60 percent; and the preparation process is simple, the using effect is good, and the pollution to the environment is reduced when the cost is lowered.

The invention discloses a low-temperature peracetic acid disinfectant and a preparation method thereof. The low-temperature peracetic acid disinfectant is prepared by mixing a composite low-temperature solvent and peracetic acid in any proportion, and the composite low-temperature solvent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60-99% of water, 1-40% of an antifreezing agent, 0-5% of a thickening agent and 0-5% of a corrosion inhibitor. The low-temperature freezing liquid can be used at different low temperatures, the lowest freezing point can reach -25 DEG C, and the low-temperature freezing liquid also has the characteristics of small metal corrosion, low volatilization and low irritation. The invention solves the dilemma of lack of efficient, stable and environment-friendly products in current low-temperature disinfection, solves the problems of poor stability, high irritation, low activity at low temperature, poor effect and the like of conventional products, and can be used for disinfection in various links of a cold chain and various low-temperature environments.

The invention provides an environment-friendly spackling compound and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the environment-friendly spackling compound comprises the following steps: weighing 80-85% of ground calcium carbonate and 5-10% of light calcium carbonate, and then adding 2-8% of plant-modified polymerization rubber powder, 0.3-0.8% of corrosion remover and 1-2% of assistant to evenly mix, so as to form a solid component; mixing and stirring 65-75% of solid component with 25-35% of deionized water to form paste putty, namely the environment-friendly spackling compound. By adopting a plant-modified adhesive, the environment-friendly spackling compound not only has low-carbon and environment-friendly characteristics of being free of formaldehyde pollution and free of harm to a human body, but also has the advantages of wide raw material source, low cost, and ecological sustainable development in comparison with the existing spackling compound.

The invention discloses a composite biological filter for treating high algae-laden and high ammonia-nitrogen raw water and an application method thereof. An overflow pipe, a water inlet unit, a sampling opening, a carrier filling area, a water outlet unit and an aerating device are arranged on a composite biological filter body unit from top to bottom in sequence, and suspended spherical biological filter materials, zeolite filter materials, granular active carbon filter materials and a supporting layer are arranged in the carrier filling area from top to bottom in a graded mode. The composite biological filter has the advantages that the spherical biological filter materials can effectively enrich a biological film to remove nitrogen elements and other pollutants in polluted raw materials, algae can be synchronously removed through adsorption, mechanical entrapment and other functions of zeolite and activated carbon, the head loss of an aerating filter can be effectively reduced through a special composite filter material structure, and the back flush frequency is lowered. Meanwhile, the aerating mode, hydraulic retention time and other technological parameters are optimized, and fast biofilm culturing decontamination of the spherical biological filter materials and efficient and low-consumption stable running of a system are achieved.

The present invention provides a system for continuously and efficiently producing low concentrations of aqueous chlorine dioxide from a dilute continuous feed stream of aqueous chlorite.

The invention relates to an environmentally-friendly water-soluble non-oil metal rust-inhibiting lubricant which is characterized by comprising the following materials in percent by weight: 30% of amine borate, 5% of sodium gluconate, 2% of sodium molybdate, 20% of monoethanolamine, 13% of polyethylene glycol, 5% of ethanol, 15% of glycerol and the balance of deionized water. An organic metal corrosion inhibitor and an inorganic metal corrosion inhibitor are compounded and blended into the rust-inhibiting lubricant, thus the modern civilization production requirements for low energy consumption, low pollution, low emission and high environment friendliness are met. The lubricant has the four functions of inhibiting rust, removing rust, lubricating and washing and is a high-efficiency maintaining agent which is used for the production, storage, maintenance and repair of a variety of mechanical equipment, precision instruments and parts and component and can be used for keeping the metal product in the optimum work state so that the service life of the metal product is prolonged. The detection of the Shenyang Disease Control Center shows that the LD50 (lethal dose, 50%) is more than10,000mg/Kg, and the fishes and shrimps can live and propagate normally in 1 per mill aqueous solution.

The invention relates to a fluorine-containing heavy-metal-ion-containing waste water processing agent and a fluorine-containing heavy-metal-ion-containing waste water processing method. The processing agent has a formula as follows: by weight, 8%-79% of one or several selected from iron powder, ferrous sulphate, sodium sulfite and ferrous chloride, 0.1%-6% of sodium borohydride and/or potassium borohydride, 0.2%-1% of biological flocculants, 0.1%-0.8% of non-ionic polyacrylamide, 10%-40% of active carbon, 5%-30% of calcium fluoride, and 5%-30% of calcium chloride. The total nickel content in fluorine-containing heavy-metal-ion-containing waste water after processing in electroplate and printing and dyeing industries can be lowered greatly, heavy metal discharge is reduced, and the total nickel content in fluorine-containing heavy-metal-ion-containing waste water after processing of the provided processing agent is less than 0.006mg/L.

The invention relates to a phosphorus-free corrosion and scale inhibitor applicable to high-chlorine high-concentration-multiple circulating cooling water and a preparation method of the phosphorus-free corrosion and scale inhibitor, belonging to the technical field of water treatment. The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the phosphorus-free corrosion and scale inhibitor with low toxicity, chloride resistance and low cost for high-concentration-multiple circulating cooling water containing high-concentration chloride ions. The phosphorus-free corrosion and scale inhibitor is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 to 5 parts of zinc sulfate, 4 to 7 parts of sodium gluconate, 2 to 4 parts of sodium molybdate, 0.5 to 2 parts of benzotriazole, 5 to 9 parts of and acrylic acid-2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid copolymer, 7 to 12 parts of polyepoxysuccinic acid and 3 to 5 parts of hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride. Compared with similar corrosion and scale inhibitors, the phosphorus-free corrosion and scale inhibitor for high-concentration-multiple circulating cooling water provided by the invention has the advantages of strongtargeting performance, low toxicity, chloride resistance, low cost, simple operation, convenience, rapidness, environmental friendliness, safety, high efficiency and the like.

The invention provides a sodium alginate adsorption support as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the field of adsorption materials. The preparation method comprisesthe following steps: preparing a sodium alginate solution with a mass fraction of 2-13% by using sodium alginate as a solute and water as a solvent; then, pouring the sodium alginate solution into a culture plate, standing to remove bubbles, freezing at -35--25 DEG C for 8-12 hours first, and then, carrying out secondary freezing at a60--50 DEG C for 3-5 hours, and carrying out freeze drying in avacuum freeze dryer for 36-60 hours to obtainsodium alginate freeze-dried blocks; soaking the obtained sodium alginate freeze-dried blocks into an ethanol solution, then taking out sodium alginate, removing ethanol attached to the surface, then putting sodium alginate into a calcium chloride solution for a cross-linking reaction, taking out a sodium alginate product after the reaction, and removing calcium chloride on the surface so as to obtain the sodium alginate adsorption support. The sodium alginate adsorption support is low in preparation cost and high in heavy metal adsorption efficiency, and various problems of environmental pollution and production and operation cost are effectively solved.

The invention relates to the technical field of treating wastewater containing heavy metal lead, in particular to an application of immobilized lentinus edodes stipe in heavy metal lead pollution. The application method comprises the following steps: using the immobilized lentinus edodes stipe as an adsorbent in the wastewater containing the heavy metal lead; preparing a fixed bed reactor with the adsorbent; using the fixed bed reactor to adsorb the heavy metal lead from the wastewater to remove the heavy metal lead from the wastewater; and then resolving the adsorbed heavy metal lead so that the immobilized lentinus edodes stipe can adsorb the wastewater containing the heavy metal lead again after the resolution. The method using the fixed bed reactor to treat the heavy metal wastewater has the advantages of simple operation, good stability and good treatment effects; and carriers in the bed are immobilized dead organisms, which do not need aeration operation and and the like, so the use is wide; and the method resolving the biological adsorbent adsorbed with the heavy metal ions is not only capable of avoiding secondary pollution, but also capable of recycling the heavy metal and saving the metal resource.

The invention discloses a zero-discharge treatment method and system for mine strong brine. The zero-discharge treatment method for the mine strong brine comprises the following steps: S1, carrying out primary filtration and impurity removal treatment on the mine strong brine, and then carrying out primary reverse osmosis concentration; S2, performing chemical softening treatment on the primary reverse osmosis concentrated water; S3, carrying out secondary filtration and impurity removal treatment on the softened produced water, and then carrying out secondary reverse osmosis concentration; S4, carrying out microfiltration treatment on the secondary reverse osmosis concentrated water; S5, carrying out evaporation and concentration treatment on the microfiltration produced water; S6, performing sodium sulfate crystallization treatment on the concentrated solution, and sequentially thickening, centrifuging and drying the nitre slurry to obtain sodium sulfate; and S7, carrying out sodium chloride crystallization treatment on the saturated mother liquor subjected to sodium sulfate crystallization treatment in the step S6, and sequentially thickening, centrifuging and drying salt slurry to obtain sodium chloride. According to the invention, the water recovery rate of the production wastewater is greatly improved, the environment is protected, the crystalline salt is recycled, and the zero emission target of the mine strong brine is really achieved.