157 results about "Aqueous solution" patented technology

A general method and apparatus for treating materials at high speed comprises the steps of dissolving a relatively high concentration ozone gas in a solvent at a relatively low predetermined temperature T1 to form an ozone-solvent solution with a relatively high dissolved ozone concentration, and heating either the ozone-water solution or the material to be treated or both, the ozone-solvent solution and the material to be oxidized with a point-of-use heater to quickly increase the temperature to a predetermined higher temperature T2>T1, and applying the ozone-solvent solution to said material(s) whereby the heated ozone-water solution will have a much higher dissolved ozone concentration at said higher temperature, than could be achieved if the ozone gas was initially dissolved in water at said higher temperature.

Methods are provided for preparing spray-dried, drug-containing particles comprising the steps of selecting (i) a drug and an optional excipient, wherein the combination of the drug and optional excipient has an effective pI, and (ii) an aqueous solution having a pH that is different from the effective pI; (b) combining the solution and the drug and optional excipient, wherein an absolute net charge is associated with the drug and optional excipient as a result of an absolute difference between the pH and effective pI; and (c) spray drying the solution to form the spray-dried, drug-containing particles. Particles and compositions comprising the prepared particles as well as methods of use are also provided.

The invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent high-molecular materials, and relates to a preparation method and an application of a high-strength oriented polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel. Thepreparation method of the high-strength oriented polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel comprises the following steps: adding deionized water to dissolve polyvinyl alcohol powder, carrying out freeze-thawing circulation, pre-stretching orientation and freeze drying to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol aerogel, and immersing the obtained polyvinyl alcohol aerogel in an aqueous solution of a salt having a Hofmann effect or an aqueous solution of a salt capable of forming a coordinate bond or an aqueous solution of a polycarboxy compound capable of forming a hydrogen bond with polyvinyl alcohol to prepare the high-strength oriented polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel. The high-strength oriented polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel has a tensile strength reaching up to 41.0 MPa, an elongation at break reaching up to 228.0% and atoughness reaching up to 49.94 MJ/m<3>, also has antibacterial and anticorrosive effects and a free radical scavenging effect, and is of great significance to broaden the application of the polyvinylalcohol hydrogel in artificial muscles and cartilages, tissue engineering and other biomedical materials.

A method of enhancing the concentration of a first inorganic compound in a first aqueous solution of a first process of a heavy chemical plant, the method comprising (a) feeding the first solution having the first compound at a first concentration and a first water vapor pressure to an osmotic membrane distillation means comprising a hydrophobic, gas and water vapor permeable membrane separating (i) a first chamber for receiving the first solution, from (ii) a second chamber for receiving a receiver feed aqueous solution having a second water vapor pressure lower than the first water vapor pressure; (b) feeding the receiver aqueous feed solution to the second chamber as to effect transfer of water vapor through the membrane from the first chamber to the second chamber, and to produce (i) a resultant first solution having a second concentration of the first compound greater than the first concentration and (ii) a diluted receiver feed aqueous solution; and (c) collecting the resultant first solution. The apparatus and method are of particular value in electrolytic haloalkali production plants in offering reduced capital and operating re-concentration and dilution costs.

The present invention discloses negative electrode for zinc nickel secondary batteries and the fabrication methods. These negative electrodes contain hydrophobic porous conductive granules such as carbon black granules with a hydrophobic material adsorbed. The fabrication methods for these negative electrodes include the following steps: adding a hydrophobic material to conductive porous granules such as granules in an aqueous solution; stirring said aqueous solution with said conductive porous granules and said hydrophobic material; fabricating the active material with said aqueous solution with said conductive porous granules and said hydrophobic material; and forming said negative electrode with said active material. Batteries with negative electrodes that are embodiments of this invention or are fabricated by the method of this invention are efficient in the recombination of oxygen at the electrodes during charging have low internal pressure, and are not subjected to electrolyte leakage.

The invention relates to a Y-type molecular sieve-containing hydrocracking catalyst carrier and a preparation method thereof. The carrier consists of a modified Y-type molecular sieve and alumina, wherein the Y-type molecular sieve is obtained by the treatment by mixed aqueous solution of an aluminum salt and an acid and by hydrothermal treatment and has the properties of a specific surface of between 750 and 850m<2>/g, a total pore volume of between 0.35 and 0.48ml/g, a relative crystallinity of between 90 and 130 percent, a cell parameter of between 2.437 and 2.445nm, a silicon to aluminum molar ratio of between 15 and 70, an infrared acidity of between 0.5 and 1.0 mmol/g, a Bronsted acid to Lewis acid ratio of more than 7.0 and a sodium oxide content of less than or equal to 0.05 weight percent. The carrier can be used in the preparation of a hydrocracking catalyst, and the obtained catalyst has the characteristics of excellent catalytic activity, high heavy naphtha selectivity, high yield, high aromatic hydrocarbon potential content of the heavy naphtha and the like.

Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to systems and methods for packing chromatography columns. In one described embodiment of the present invention, a compressible resin is combined with a relatively high-viscosity packing solution to form a resin slurry for packing within a chromatography-column tube. In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, a relatively high-viscosity column-compression solution is used to compress a chromatography column initially packed with a dilute aqueous solution.

The invention discloses a modifying method of carbon nanometer pipe, which comprises the following steps: blending macromolecular solution of Poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly (styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT-PSS) and carbon nanometer pipe; heating to 30-60 Deg C; vibrating through ultrasound for 1-24h; making carbon nanometer surface modified by PEDOT-PSS; improving dissolving property obviously.

The invention relates to a polymer microemulsion system for deep profile control of an oil reservoir and a preparation method thereof. The objective of the invention is mainly to overcome the problems that the usage amount of conventional emulsifiers in reversed-phase microemulsion polymerization in the prior art are great and final oil displacement effect is influenced. The polymer microemulsion system for deep profile control of the oil reservoir is prepared through polymerization of reversed-phase microemulsion under the action of a redox composite initiator. The reversed-phase microemulsion comprises, by weight, 50 parts of an oil-soluble solvent, 3 to 20 parts of an emulsifier, 10 to 70 parts of acrylamide monomers, 0.5 to 20 parts of heatproof salt-resistant monomers and 10 to 60 parts of water. With such a technical scheme, the above problems are overcome, and the prepared polymer microemulsion system can be directly diluted with water to obtain an aqueous solution with a desired concentration and be applied to tertiary oil recovery of an oil field.

The invention relates to the field of nano materials and particularly relates to a mildew-resistant and antibacterial nano-silver decorative laminated board. The mildew-resistant and antibacterial nano-silver decorative laminated board is formed by a decorative veneer and a base material which are bonded by an adhesive layer, wherein the decorative veneer and the base material are dipped by nano aqueous solution; the adhesive layer contains nano-silver substances; the decorative veneer and the base material are made of technical wood; the nano-silver aqueous solution is formed by adopting deionized water as a solvent, adopting nano silver as solute to be dissolved into the deionized water, adopting acrylic resin as a complexing agent and a stabilizing agent to be dissolved into the deionized water, and adding a dispersing agent and a first reducing agent simultaneously; the concentration of nano silver in the adhesive is 75-150ppm; the mass content of flour in solution is 18-45%; environmental-friendly glue comprises the following materials in parts by weight: 40-80 parts of acrylic resin solution emulsion with the solid content being 40-55%, 20-40 parts of acrylic resin powder, 5-20 parts of EVA emulsion with the solid content being 40-60%, 1-4 parts of dibutyl phthalate and 7-13 parts of chlorinated polypropylene or polyolefin substrate adhesive-force promoter. The mildew-resistant and antibacterial nano-silver decorative laminated board has the advantages that the stability and the dispersibility are good and the mildew can be fully resisted.

The invention discloses a new method for formic acid purifying, which comprises the following steps: the aqueous solution of dilute formic acid with the mass concentration of more than 30 percent and anhydrous calcium chloride are mixed, heated to 80 to 95 DEG C so as to lead the anhydrous calcium chloride to be dissolved, and then formic acid with high concentration is obtained through atmospheric distillation; and the mass ratio of the water in the aqueous solution of calcium chloride anhydrous and the aqueous solution of dilute formic acid is 1: 1.5 to 1.8. The purifying method of formic acid is a process which has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, fastness, low cost and cleanness, thus being suitable for industrial production.

Process for treating spent nuclear fuel (SNF) to make mixed metal oxides of UO₃ and PuO₂ to prevent nuclear proliferation. The process comprises the steps of (1) dissolving spent nuclear fuel in an acidic solution in the presence of an agent that reduces Pu⁺⁶ to Pu⁺⁴ and an agent that oxidizes Pu⁺³ to Pu⁺⁴; (2) extracting U⁺⁶ and Pu⁺⁴ from acidic solution with an organic solvent comprising a ligand that binds U⁺⁶ and Pu⁺⁴ and which is soluble in the organic solvent; (3) jointly extracting U⁺⁶ and Pu⁺⁴ from the organic solvent with an acidic aqueous solution; and (4) precipitating a mixture of U⁺⁶ and Pu⁺⁴ by adding a carboxylic acid to the acidic aqueous solution. The U⁺⁶ and Pu⁺⁴ precipitate is then be calcined to form a mixed metal oxide of UO₃ and PuO₂. Additional steps can result in the formation of a mixed metal oxide of UO₃, PuO₂ and NpO₂ as well as the removal and isolation of technecium from the SNF.

The invention discloses a production method for nano barium sulfate particles, which comprises the following steps: adding EDTA disodium salt in a barium chloride solution with concentration of 0.01-0.3mol/L, wherein the mole ratio of barium chloride to EDTA disodium salt in the solution is 1:1, adding double decyl dimethyl ammonium bromide, wherein the mole concentration of double decyl dimethyl ammonium bromide accounts for 0.1-0.5% of mole concentration of the barium chloride, acquiring a solution 1; adding double decyl dimethyl ammonium bromide in a sodium sulfate aqueous solution having the mole concentration equal with the barium chloride solution, the mole concentration of double decyl dimethyl ammonium bromide in the solution accounts for 0.1-0.5% of the mole concentration of sodium sulfate, acquiring an solution 2; respectively accessing the solution 1 and the solution 2 to an inlet of a micro-reactor, filtering and washing the reaction products, and drying the washed filtering substance to obtain the nano barium sulfate powder particles. Under the condition that the existence of a complexing agent by using the micro-reactor, a surfactant is used for inhibiting the growth of barium sulfate deposition to obtain the nano barium sulfate particles with fine particle size and controllable particle size.

The invention relates to a method for measuring formaldehyde in aqueous solution by utilizing electrochemical luminescence of terpyridyl ruthenium. The aqueous solution sample containing the formaldehyde is taken to be mixed with terpyridyl ruthenium solution with the pH value of 8.6 and the concentration of 1mmol/L, wherein, the concentration of the formaldehyde aqueous solution is 0.9-300mg/L; after that, cyclic voltammetry is carried out within the range of 0.2-1.5v, and the speed is 0.1v/s; a working electrode of electrochemical luminescence measurement is a glassy carbon electrode, and then linear relation exists within a certain range according to the electrochemical illumination intensity and the concentration of the formaldehyde; quantitative analysis is carried out on the formaldehyde in the aqueous solution. The method can be used for measuring the content of the formaldehyde within the concentration range of 0.9-300mg/L. The method for measuring formaldehyde by utilizing electrochemical luminescence has the advantages of simple operation, rapid measuring speed, lower price of an analytical instrument and the like, and can be expected to be used for daily analysis.

The invention discloses a separation method used for preparing isopropanol via hydrogenation of acetone. According to the separation method, an acetone hydrogenation product is subjected to azeotropic distillation and extractive distillation so as to obtain high-purity isopropanol. The separation method comprises following steps: (1) the acetone hydrogenation product is delivered into a rectifying tower for azeotropic distillation, an azeotrope is collected from the top of the rectifying tower, a heavier component is collected from a tower kettle of the rectifying tower, and an isopropanol product is collected from side lines of a tower body of the rectifying tower; (2) the azeotrope collected from the top of the rectifying tower is delivered into a recovery tower, and is subjected to extractive distillation using an extraction agent, a material flow containing acetone and isopropanol is collected from the top of the recovery tower, and is delivered back to a reactor for recycling, and an aqueous solution rich in the extraction agent is collected from a tower kettle of the recovery tower; and (3) the aqueous solution rich in the extraction agent is delivered into a dehydrating tower, and the extraction is collected from a tower kettle of the dehydrating tower, and is delivered back to the recovery tower. According to the separation method, azeotropic distillation and extractive distillation are adopted, high-purity isopropanol is prepared, raw material consumption is less, extraction agent loss is low, technical processes are simple, and operation is convenient.

The invention discloses a high water-solubility ruthenium metal complex singlet oxygen fluorescent probe, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. According to the invention, a transition metal ruthenium is adopted as a central ion of the ruthenium complex; and anthracene nucleus derivatives with sodium (or potassium) sulfonate groups are adopted as ligands. The ruthenium complex has properties of a singlet oxygen fluorescent probe and a better water-solubility than existing anthracene nucleus derivative ligand ruthenium complexes. The ruthenium complex is suitable for quantitative or qualitative determinations of <1>O2 in neutral or basic system solutions.

The invention discloses Mn<4+> doped fluoroaluminate red fluorescent powder as well as a preparation method and an application thereof. The method comprises steps as follows: hydrofluoric acid and water are added to a polytetrafluoroethylene container, K2MnF6 is added and stirred to be dissolved, and then KF is added; after KF is dissolved, K3AlF6 is added and continuously stirred to be completely dissolved, and then the mixture is continuously stirred for 30 min; the mixture is left to stand after stirring is stopped, suction filtration is performed, a filter cake is dried under the vacuum condition at the temperature of 70 DEG C, and the Mn<4+> doped fluoroaluminate red fluorescent powder is obtained. Compared with the prior art, the K3AlF6:Mn<4+> red fluorescent powder is synthesized in a hydrofluoric acid aqueous solution, and the diluted aqueous solution has a function of purifying the K3AlF6 phase; excessive KF.2H2O is added, so that the K3AlF6 phase is crystallized and separated to be purified in the aqueous solution; the obtained fluorescent powder has a narrow emission spectrum range, and the reabsorption phenomenon is effectively avoided; the phase of the synthesized fluorescent powder is pure, and the light emitting efficiency and collection rate are high; the color gamut range of a white light LED device packaged by the fluorescent powder is wide.