The invention discloses a device and a method for measuring underground flow rate of a
petroleum well. The device comprises a ground
logging truck, and an instrument string which is connected through a cable and arranged in a sleeved oil
pipe of an underground sleeve, wherein the instrument string comprises a halter, a first centering device, a magnetic positioning shot, a second centering device, a
pressure difference density meter, a flow logger, a third centering device and a plug; a circuit
system control motor or a hydraulic driving arm is mounted on the flow logger; static pressure sampling openings are respectively formed in the control motor or the hydraulic driving arm and the
pressure difference density meter; the control motor or the hydraulic driving arm is opened or closed to measure underground flow rate of the
petroleum well. According to the device, minimum annular section area between the arm and the sleeve is adjusted through the flow logger, so that the flow logger can be adapted to oil wells with various size and aperture; the construction processes are decreased; the working cost is saved; the
working hours are reduced; the flow logger is applied to measuring of flow rate of a vertical shaft and a large-inclination-degree well, and the measuring precision is high.