The invention provides a preparation method of an ultrasonic-dispersion tungsten carbide and silicon carbide-carbon fiber friction material. The preparation method is characterized in that after performing carburization treatment on a graphited carbon fiber blanket with the density being from 0.1 to 1.8g/cm<3>, performing ultrasonic-dispersion tungsten carbide filling treatment, then performing silicon carbide deposition treatment, then performing burying siliconizing treatment, and then performing nitrogen treatment under nitrogen atmosphere, so as to prepare the ultrasonic-dispersion tungsten carbide and silicon carbide-carbon fiber friction material. According to the preparation method provided by the invention, the preparation of the friction material is realized by adopting the graphited carbon fiber blanket through the steps of carburization, tungsten carbide filling, silicon carbide deposition, burying siliconizing, nitridation and the like, the prepared friction material is high in strength, high in toughness, and high in friction performance and is a friction material suitable for various weather conditions.