Process and corresponding apparatus for continuously producing gaseous hydrogen to be supplied to micro fuel cells and integrated system for producing electric energy

a technology of gaseous hydrogen and micro fuel cells, which is applied in the industrial field, can solve the problems of loss of energy, unfavorable widespread use, and the use of hydrogen as an energetic source in portable commercial systems that have not yet found that great, and achieves the effect of reducing the cost of production and maintenan

Active Publication Date: 2008-04-10
STMICROELECTRONICS SRL
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0018] One embodiment provides a process and a corresponding apparatus for the production of hydrogen to be used in micro fuel cells having such functional and structural features as to overcome the drawbacks cited with reference to the prior art, reducing, in a substantial way, all the operative steps thereby provided between the hydrogen production and its transformation into electric energy.

Problems solved by technology

Besides the known risk of highly dangerous manipulations of the hydrogen stored in small tanks under the above conditions, other drawbacks of the known techniques are exactly due to the fact that these manipulations must be carried out between the hydrogen production step and the step of its transformation into electric energy, involving respective methodologies, apparatuses and devices of difficult management and control.
Moreover, as regards the hydrogen liquefaction, it is known that it implies a total loss of energy equal to 30%, since for maintaining the hydrogen in the liquid form it is necessary to preserve it at a temperature of −253° C. Moreover, for the conversion of the hydrogen into the liquid form, the prior art uses cryogenic containers which, besides being expensive instruments, require a reduction of the leaks of fuel through evaporation to the minimum.
For these reasons, the use of hydrogen as an energetic source in portable commercial systems has not yet found that great, advantageous widespread uses despite its potentials.

Method used

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Embodiment Construction

[0044] With reference to the block scheme of FIG. 1, a process is described for the production of hydrogen according to one embodiment, useful such as fuel in a micro FC (Micro Fuel Cell) 1A, intended for the production of electric energy for a generic portable electronic device, not shown.

[0045] A continuous flow of an aqueous solution of sodium borohydride (NaBH4), stored at environmental temperature and pressure in a suitable tank 3, is supplied, by means of a micropump 2, to the reaction chamber of a microreactor 1.

[0046] Advantageously, for making this aqueous solution non-inflammable and stable in the air, it is to be buffered at a pH between 13 and 14, and preferably at PH 14 by an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), at 4% by weight.

[0047] In the reaction chamber of said microreactor 1, the above aqueous, alkaline solution of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) comes into contact, for an appropriate and predetermined residence time, with a catalytic bed formed by a metal c...

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Abstract

A process for the production of hydrogen for micro fuel cells, comprises the successive steps of: continuously supplying a catalytic bed with an aqueous solution of sodium borohydride, the catalytic bed being made of at least one metal chosen among cobalt, nickel, platinum, ruthenium with obtainment of hydrogen and of a by-product comprising sodium metaborate, continuously recovering the hydrogen thus obtained and supplying, with said hydrogen as it is as obtained, a micro fuel cell which transforms hydrogen into electric energy. An apparatus provides continuous supply of hydrogen to a micro fuel cell. An integrated system structured for continuously producing and supplying hydrogen to a micro fuel cell and for converting the continuously supplied hydrogen into electric energy.

Description

BACKGROUND [0001] 1. Technical Field [0002] In its most general aspect, the present invention relates to the industrial field of micro fuel cells, supplied with hydrogen, for generating electric energy, particularly but not exclusively intended for the operation of portable electronic devices. [0003] In particular, the present invention relates to a process and a corresponding apparatus for continuously producing gaseous hydrogen to be supplied to micro fuel cells of the above type. [0004] 2. Description of the Related Art [0005] It is known that the growing demand for electric energy to supply portable electronic devices has determined an intense, strong interest of the experts of the field in the identification, design and realization of new electric energy sources, in addition to and overcoming the traditional batteries used to date for the above scope, for example lithium ions batteries. [0006] It is known that, among the new portable electric energy sources, great interest has ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): H01M8/04B01J19/00H01M8/18
CPCB01J19/0093B01J2219/00783B01J2219/00828B01J2219/00835B01J2219/00891B01J2219/00907Y02E60/50C01B2203/066H01M8/065H01M8/1097H01M2008/1095Y02E60/362C01B3/065Y02E60/36
Inventor GIUFFRIDA, ROBERTASALANITRI, MARCO ANTONIOSPOTO, GIUSEPPE EMANUELECALAMIA, STEFANIALEONARDI, SALVATORECOFFA, SALVATOREZITO, ROBERTA
Owner STMICROELECTRONICS SRL
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