The invention discloses an STM32-based embedded multi-axis motion control system, which comprises an MCU main board in multi-bus communication, a motion controller, a switch quantity interface circuit, a CAN interface circuit, an RS232 interface circuit, an RS485 interface circuit, a network interface circuit and an STM32F407 chip, wherein the motion controller, the switch quantity interface circuit, the CAN interface circuit, the RS232 interface circuit, the RS485 interface circuit, the network interface circuit and the STM32F407 chip are arranged on the MCU main board in a concentrated mode;the motion controller, the switch quantity interface circuit, the CAN interface circuit, the RS232 interface circuit, the RS485 interface circuit, the network interface circuit and the STM32F407 chipare connected; and the STM32F407 chip is internally provide with a u/ COS III real-time multitask management system. The control system of the invention can realize six-axis motion control, smooth and fast motion transition can be realized, the high-performance CPU chip is adopted, and the compatibility is good.