Electrochemical pretreatment method of cathode for electrolytic extraction of metal gallium

An electrolytic extraction and pretreatment technology, which is applied to electrodes, anodization, electrolysis processes, etc., can solve the problem of long induction time, and achieve the effects of reduced induction period time, easy operation, and simple process.

Active Publication Date: 2011-12-07
INST OF PROCESS ENG CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electrochemical pretreatment method for electrolytic extraction of gallium metal cathode, which can overcome the problem of long induction time caused by the side reaction of hydrogen evolution on the electrode surface at the initial stage of electrolysis, and can effectively shorten the induction period of gallium metal electrolysis to achieve The purpose of improving current efficiency and reducing energy consumption

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0026] (1) The stainless steel electrode after derusting and degreasing treatment is used as the cathode and anode, and is electrochemically pretreated in a sulfuric acid solution with a volume ratio of 10%, the temperature is 25°C, and the current density is 0.1A / cm 2 , pretreatment time 5min.

[0027] (2) Using the anode that has been electrochemically pretreated in step (1) as a cathode to perform electrolytic extraction of metal gallium in a sodium gallate solution. Sodium gallate electrolyte volume 750ml, electrode area 30cm 2 , the gallium ion (III) concentration is 1g / L, the electrolysis temperature is 40°C, and the current is 3A.

[0028] (3) The electrolysis induction time of the electrode after electrochemical pretreatment is 20 minutes, while the induction time of the electrode without electrochemical pretreatment is 4-6 hours.

Embodiment 2

[0030] (1) The stainless steel electrode after derusting and degreasing treatment is used as cathode and anode, and electrochemical pretreatment is carried out in 10% sodium hydroxide solution with a mass concentration of 20°C and a current density of 0.1A / cm 2 , pretreatment time 30min.

[0031] (2) Using the anode that has been electrochemically pretreated in step (1) as a cathode to perform electrolytic extraction of metal gallium in a sodium gallate solution. Sodium gallate electrolyte volume 750ml, electrode area 30cm 2 , the gallium ion (III) concentration is 1g / L, the electrolysis temperature is 40°C, and the current is 3A.

[0032] (3) The electrolysis induction time of the electrode after electrochemical pretreatment is 1.5 h, while the induction time of the electrode without electrochemical pretreatment is 4-6 h.

Embodiment 3

[0034] (1) The stainless steel electrode after derusting and degreasing treatment is used as the cathode and anode, and is electrochemically pretreated in a 10% sulfuric acid solution by volume, at a temperature of 25°C and a current density of 0.05A / cm 2 , pretreatment time 5min.

[0035] (2) Using the anode that has been electrochemically pretreated in step (1) as a cathode to perform electrolytic extraction of metal gallium in a sodium gallate solution. Sodium gallate electrolyte volume 750ml, electrode area 30cm 2 , the gallium ion (III) concentration is 1g / L, the electrolysis temperature is 40°C, and the current is 3A.

[0036] (3) The electrolysis induction time of the electrode after electrochemical pretreatment is 35 minutes, while the induction time of the electrode without electrochemical pretreatment is 4-6 hours.

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Abstract

Belonging to the technical field of electrolytic extraction of metal gallium, the invention provides an electrochemical pretreatment method of a cathode for electrolytic extraction of metal gallium. The method comprises the processes of: subjecting the cathode for electrolytic extraction of gallium to an oil and rust removal treatment; in an acidic, neutral or alkaline electrolyte, carrying out an electrochemical pretreatment to the cathode for gallium electrolytic extraction as an anode, with the cathode made of but not limited to stainless steel, and maintaining the pretreatment at a temperature of 15-40DEG C for 3min-2h, with an anodic current density of 0.01-0.2A / cm<2>. The electrode subjected to an electrochemical pretreatment has a smoother microscopic surface and a uniform surface current distribution. And as the surface of the electrode undergoing the electrochemical pretreatment exposes a partial crystal lattice structure, so the bonding force of electrodeposited gallium and the electrode surface becomes stronger, and the return dissolubility of the electrodeposited gallium in an alkaline condition can be reduced. Thus, continuous metal gallium layers are more likely to be electrodeposited and the induction time of electrodeposition can be shortened. The electrochemical pretreatment method of an electrode in the invention has the advantages of simple process, easy operation and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of electrolytic extraction of gallium metal, in particular to an electrochemical pretreatment method for a cathode used for electrolytic extraction of gallium metal. Background technique [0002] Gallium is a scattered metal, which is often accompanied by metal minerals such as aluminum, iron, and zinc in nature. Therefore, gallium metal is mainly recovered and extracted from the by-products of smelting these metals. Today, 90% of primary gallium is extracted from the circulating mother liquor produced by alumina. In production, gallium-rich solutions or gallium concentrates are usually obtained through milk of lime method, carbonation or resin adsorption, and then alkalization is used to make liquid in the Sodium gallate is electrolyzed in NaOH alkaline solution to obtain metal gallium, and the electrodes are generally stainless steel electrodes. [0003] Since the content of gallium in the ore deposit is ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C25D11/34C25C7/02C25C1/22
CPCY02P10/20
Inventor 王志刘玲王明涌公旭中李会泉
Owner INST OF PROCESS ENG CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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