35results about "Horticulture" patented technology

The invention relates to a method for cultivating coprinus comatua by utilizing fungus dregs in the edible fungus production field, which is characterized by utilizing the leftovers, namely fungus dregs, of the edible fungi instead of cottonseed hulls to cultivate the coprinus comatua, utilizing the method of biological fermentation to treat the fungus dregs and adding bran and other nutrients toform culture media, and effectively realizing cultivation of the coprinus comatua through the process flows of bagging, sterilizing, inoculating, hypha fermenting, cultivating, bag removing, soil covering, fruiting and harvesting, etc., wherein, the leftovers of the edible fungi are used for cultivating oyster mushrooms and needle mushrooms, etc. The method not only realizes resource of the organic wastes and reduces pollution of the organic wastes on the environment by developing and utilizing the leftovers of the edible fungi and conforms to the requirement on striving to develop circular economy encouraged by the state, but also greatly reduces the usage amount of the cottonseed hulls and other substances for cultivation, effectively lowers the production cost of the coprinus comatua, increases the cultivation benefits and ensures the biological conversion ratio to be more than 80%. The method utilizes the wastes and attains two objectives, thus being suitable for popularization andapplication in the rural areas.

The invention provides a ganoderma lucidum cultivation method, and belongs to the technical field of cultivation of fungus for edible and medicinal use. The ganoderma lucidum cultivation method comprises choosing of a field, selection of building materials, construction of a permanent greenhouse, consolidation of sand culture bed land, isolation of contact between sand and soil in the field through plastic membranes, sand burying of ganoderma lucidum fungus sticks, laying of spraying pipelines, shading, insect prevention measures, and the like. According to the ganoderma lucidum cultivation method, standardized cultivation of ganoderma lucidum can be achieved, cultivation conditions can be controlled, traditional Chinese medicine quality management code requirements are fitted, a foundation is not needed to be moved every year, and manpower, material resources and financial resources are saved. The ganoderma lucidum fungus sticks are not contacted with the soil, so heavy metal, toxic substances and pesticide residues all can be controlled effectively. Cultivated ganoderma lucidum is stable and high in yield, namely the yield of the ganoderma lucidum is 570-580 kilograms per mu and is increased by 30% or so compared with conventional cultivation, quality is excellent, namely, competitor pollution rates of the fungus sticks and secondary entities are greatly reduced, malformation does not exist in the secondary entities, and the secondary entities cannot be polluted by water and pollutants in the soil, and the ganoderma lucidum cultivation method is popularization and application of ganoderma lucidum standardized cultivation. The ganoderma lucidum cultivation method is also suitable for edible and medicinal fungus of phellinus igniarius, mushrooms, agaric and the like.

The invention discloses a cuttage and breeding technology for ampelopsis grossedentata. The cuttage and breeding technology comprises the following steps of: (1) selecting seedling nursery land; (2) subsoiling, performing soil preparation and applying a base fertilizer; (3) disinfecting the soil; (4) making a seed bed, ridging and covering by a mulching film; (5) cutting green branches; (6) managing the seedling nursery land; and (7) transplanting nursery-grown plants. The cuttage and breeding technology is characterized in that a method for cutting the green branches is adopted; and the seed bed is made. Compared with the prior art, the cuttage and breeding technology has the advantages that the survival rate and yield of ampelopsis grossedentata plants can be improved, the soaking time is shortened, and the cuttage efficiency is improved; and the cuttage and breeding technology is suitable for large-scale cultivation and transplantation.

The invention relates to a winter cultivation method of garlic sowed in autumn, comprising the steps of a sowing method of garlic sowed in autumn and a winter cultivation method, wherein the winter cultivation method comprises regular sprout post-management, management of garlic flower bud and phosphorus bud differentiation phase, management of garlic sprout production phase and management of garlic expanding phase. The winter cultivation method of garlic disclosed by the invention effectively improves survival rate and harvesting yield of the winter garlic during the planting period; it is shown that the number of the garlic planted by the method is improved by 45,000-60,000 from 15,000-18,000 per mu by test; the rational compact plantation demand is achieved and the land usage rate is increased; the garlic spends the winter smoothly and the seedling is not damaged; after turning green, the regular sprout rate is more than 98% and the yield is improved by 40-50%; the content of the trace element of the garlic has no difference with that of the garlic planted in the other area and local area.

The invention provides a selenium-enriched mushroom grass culture medium which is prepared by taking selenium-enriched mushroom grass, wood chips, wheat bran, saccharose, gypsum, monopotassium phosphate and magnesium sulfate as the main raw materials. The invention further provides a method for producing shiitake mushrooms through the selenium-enriched mushroom grass culture medium. Accordingly, a traditional shiitake mushroom producing method is changed, a selenium-enriched mushroom grass technology is utilized in shiitake mushroom stick production, therefore, the producing method of selenium-enriched products is changed, the nutritional value of the shiitake mushrooms is increased, the production efficiency is improved, the shiitake mushroom yield and biotransformation rate are high, and meanwhile the production cost is greatly lowered; in addition, the producing method is simple in technology, the produced shiitake mushrooms are high in content of selenium-enriched elements, the product is free of pollution, and the food safety problem is solved from the source.

A method for quickly degradating the rosin in pine dust used for culture mushrom features that the microbes able to quickly degradate, the rosin are separated out and cultured, and the cultured microbes are mixed with inorganic salt and organic substance to obtain a rosin-degradating additive.

The invention discloses a cultivation method of organic selenium-rich muskmelon. The method is characterized in that selenium-rich seedling substrate and selenium-rich organic and inorganic special fertilizers are respectively produced from a selenium source, namely selenium-bearing sesame cakes; the selenium-rich seedling substrate is sued for raising muskmelon seedlings; the selenium-rich organic and inorganic special fertilizers are applied as base fertilizer before transplanting of the muskmelon; and the selenium-rich organic and inorganic special fertilizers are applied as topdressing in fruit enlargement phase. The method changes the conventional way of mainly applying selenium-containing solution or selenium-containing leaf fertilizer in the muskmelon fruit enlargement phase in current selenium-rich muskmelon production, avoids insecurity factors in the selenium-rich muskmelon production, is economical, efficient and pollution-free, and is of positive significance to improving people's selenium level and controlling diseases.

The invention discloses a garlic speed planting method. The method comprises the steps of garlic seed preparation, garlic planting field plot selection, garlic planting field plot preparation, garlic management, garlic sprout harvesting and seed reserving in the garlic field. Garlic seed preparation is achieved through variety section, garlic clove peeling and garlic clove selection. Garlic planting field plot selection is about selecting a fertile one-terrace or two-terrace field which has not been used for planting garlic for multiple years, has a thick soil layer and can achieve irrigation and drainage conveniently. Garlic planting field plot preparation is achieved through field plot clearing, fertilizer application and soil preparation. Garlic seeding is achieved through ditch shoveling, seed clove sowing, seed clove covering achieved through shoveling, dividing and pre-emergence herbicide application. Garlic management is achieved through disease and pest control, manual weeding, and watering and topdressing after sprouting. Garlic harvesting is achieved through sprout digging, sprout pulling, sprout picking, sprout bundling and coming into the market for trading. Seed reserving in the garlic field is achieved through manual clove insertion on part of the field during sowing so that garlic sprouts and seed cloves can be harvested in the next April. According to the method, in the garlic sowing season, the technology can be adopted on any field plot, and the technical problem of low garlic production efficiency is solved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture and discloses a functional seedling culturing substrate formula applicable to crop seedling culture of cucumbers, watermelons and melons, and a preparation method thereof. The functional seedling culturing substrate formula comprises turf, vermiculite, wheat stubbles and a palmitic acid solution, wherein the volume ratio of the turf to the vermiculite to the wheat stubbles is 2: 1: 0.375; the mass ratio of a substrate to the solution is 4: 1; the adding amount of the palmitic acid is 0.0256% of the total mass of a seedling culturing substrate. According to the functional seedling culturing substrate formula, the components are environment-friendly and pollution-free; the anti-disease capability of the seedling culturing substrate can be improved; compared with an existing seedling culturing substrate containing farmyard manure and a water-retaining agent, the functional seedling culturing substrate formula has the advantages of abundant raw materials, low cost, convenient manufacturing, capability of changing wastes into valuable things and the like. Self-rooted seedlings cultured by using the substrate do not need supplement of nutrient solutions; seedlings are regular and strong, do not excessively grow and have flourishing root system; the ecological environment of the soil can be improved after the seedlings are planted together with the substrate; the soil-borne pathogens can be effectively prevented and the output of melon products is improved.

The invention discloses a method for planting Taxus baccata in Zhejiang, China. The method comprises a Taxus baccata seed temperature-varying germination accelerating treatment method, a Taxus baccata seed seedbed seedling raising method and a Taxus baccata seedling transplanting, field planting and field management method. The transplantation survival rate in the planting method reaches more than 90 percent; by taking branch leaves of 2-3 year-old Taxus baccata and detecting the content of 10-deacetyl baccatin III through high-performance liquid detection, the content of 10-deacetyl baccatin III in trunk branch leaves reaches 0.20-0.30 percent and is higher than content (which is 0.10-0.20 percent) of 10-deacetyl baccatin III in the trunk branch leaves of Taxus baccata in the place of origin (United Kingdom), the problem that the Taxus baccata is difficult to germinate, grow and survive especially in China is effectively solved, the problem of artificial planting of Taxus baccata medicinal seedlings in Zhejiang, China, the effect of introducing excellent Taxus tree resources is achieved and the problem of raw material sources of semi-synthetic taxane anti-cancer raw material medicine in China is solved.

The invention discloses a cultivation method for miniature pumpkins. The method is characterized by comprising the steps of carrying out soil preparation, carrying out furrow base-fertilizer application, carrying out seed sowing, carrying out fix planting, carrying out temperature control, carrying out water and fertilizer management, carrying out artificial pollination, carrying out disease and insect control, and the like. According to the method, the miniature pumpkins can have the advantages of attractive pumpkin shape, high quality, high continuous fruit-setting capability and high yield; and meanwhile, the method further has the advantages that the steps are simple and are easily grasped by farmers, and large-scale popularization and application are extremely easy.

The invention relates to a planting method for controlling pimento epidemic diseases by interplanting the field of pimento with garlic. The method includes the steps that ridging is conducted, the pimento is planted in a twin-row mode, the garlic is generally planted, three rows of garlic are planted every 6-10 rows of pimento in a pimento variety field in a mixed mode, and it is required that the pimento variety is about 10 cm higher than the garlic variety; the line spacing of the pimento is 40 cm, the planting distance of the pimento is 40 cm, the garlic is interplanted in field ditches, the line spacing of the garlic is 15 cm, and the planting distance of the garlic is 8 cm; the line spacing of the pimento and the garlic is 15 cm; pesticide liquid with the concentration being 250 mg/L is prepared through 50% dimethomorph wettable powder and warm water at the temperature of 55 DEG C before seedling cultivation, selected pimento seeds are steeped in the pesticide liquid, steeping and stirring are performed at the same time, and the seeds are fished out and dried after 20 minutes for seedling cultivation. According to the technology, by interplanting the field of pimento with garlic, the garlic can secrete allicin in the growing process, and the allicin accumulated in soil can deform pathogenic bacterium mycelia of the pimento epidemic diseases, deform spore germ tubes and reduce the spore germination quantity.

The invention discloses a standard cultivation method of stephania tetrandra. The method comprises the following steps: S1, selecting a land; S2, leveling the land and applying base fertilizer; S3, transplanting; S4, managing water and fertilizer; S5, managing weeding; S6, fixing plants; S7, controlling diseases and insect pests; S8, managing in dormant period; S9, dredging. According to the standard cultivation method of stephania tetrandra, scientific and reasonable water and fertilizer management is carried out, and the soil and environment are selected and reformed according to the biological characteristics of stephania tetrandra, in order to fit the growing characteristics of stephania tetrandra; therefore, a complete set of scientific, reasonable and standard stephania tetrandra cultivation method is created. The standard cultivation method of stephania tetrandra brings high yield, and the cultivated stephania tetrandra is high in quality and meets national relevant standards.

The invention discloses a dioscorea opposita mechanical ridging directional cultivating method capable of preventing tuber deformation. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, selecting a land and preparing: step 2, ridging wide and narrow rows, namely, forming two rows of single large ridges through ridging once by a large tractor; step 3, deeply burying a guide pipe or a spacer, namely, digging a 10cm-wide, 15-20cm-deep and 100cm-long small furrow from the ridge top along the ridge slope according to a plant distance of 20-30cm, padding the semi-circular guide pipe or the plastic spacer in the furrow, covering one layer of fine soil along the furrow to press the guide pipe or the plastic spacer, and then scattering a fertilizer and covering soil; step 4, sowing bulbils or tubers in soil which is about 5cm above the buried guide pipe or plastic spacer, and thickly covering 20-30cm of fine soil; step 5, picking buds, namely, leaving one bud on each plant, and picking off the rest buds in time; step 6, performing field management and harvesting. The labor intensity of dioscorea opposita ridging and harvesting can be obviously reduced, and the tuber deformation rate obtained by cultivation is obviously reduced.

The invention discloses a method for enriching carrot with multi-trace elements. The method comprises at least one of the following measures: 1. spreading trace element nutrient solution around the root of each carrot seedling based on 300 to 400ml per seedling after the carrot is subjected to final singling of seedling for 7 to 10 days, wherein the trace element nutrient solution is diluted 500 to 750 times by clean water; then spreading the trace element nutrient solution to the root of each carrot seedlings seven to ten days later based on 400 to 500ml per seedling; and managing according to conventional methods, thus obtaining the carrot rich in multi-trace elements, wherein the trace element nutrient solution is the ion nutrient solution fertilizer specified by claim 1 under application number of 201210053105.4; and 2, spraying the trace element nutrient solution which is diluted 300 to 500 times by clean water for 2-3 times every 7-8 days by adopting the foliar spray method in the normal growing and increasing stage of the carrot, and the last spraying is carried out above 20 days before the harvesting time of the carrot; and managing according to conventional methods.

The invention relates to a design method for the evaluation test of the high and stable dry-land yield of a sugarcane breed. A dry sloping field which has the annual rainfall below the natural drought condition suitable for the growth of sugarcane is taken as an evaluation test field; a thick film is buried with the depth of 1m around the test field; no artificial irrigation is carried out during the whole growing period of sugarcane; the breed is compared with generalized breeds with good, high and stable dry-land yield; the test period is two years for newly-planted sugarcane and one year for perennial-root sugarcane; and the plot arrangement for two times of newly-planted sugarcane adopts the completely randomized block design. The method ensures the full play of the drought escape and resistance of the tested breed through the three measures of artificially selecting the naturally drought area as the test field, separating water around the test field and carrying out no artificial irrigation. Through adopting the breeds with good, high and stable dry-land yield as comparison breeds and carrying out the two-year newly-planted and one-year perennial-root sugarcane test, the method ensures the full play of the tested breed with high and stable dry-land yield and has high comparability.

The invention relates to a cedrela sinensis budding and propagating method. The method comprises the followings: selecting annual tree seedlings of cedrela sinensis, which grow strongly and have a ground diameter of 1.0 to 1.2 cm, as rootstocks, and adopting annual branches which are robust, in full buds and free of plant diseases and insect pests from a cedrela sinensis seed tree for budding, so as to realize cedrela sinensis micropropagation. The budding specifically comprises the followings: selecting strong buds in the middles of the branches for scion, transversely cutting in places which is above the buds and is 0.5 cm far away from the buds, and then transversely cutting in places which are below the buds and are 0.5cm far away from the buds, wherein each bud piece requires a part of wood part to be carried, the thickness is 2 to 3 mm, and the lengths of the cutting surfaces of the bud pieces are 1.0 to 1.5 cm; selecting northeast surfaces of the rootstocks, cutting off skin blocks in positions 5 cm far away from the ground, (the rootstock cutting method is the same as the scion), then taking down the cut skin blocks, quickly adhering the bud pieces onto the cutting surfaces, enabling the lower ends of the bud pieces to be aligned with the lower cuts of cut surfaces, and then using ropes for tightening. The method provided by the invention has the characteristics of simple operation and high ratio of grafting, the cultivated seedling is high, the diameter growth is fast, and a good foundation is established for storing and using cedrela sinensis fine breeds in future.

The invention relates to a cultivation method of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and in particular relates to a cultivation method of honeysuckle. The method comprises the following specific technical measures of cultivating by using grape type hanging tendrils, i.e., erecting corresponding concrete poles between cultivation ridges of the honeysuckle, pulling steel wires between the concrete poles to form a cultivation trellis, and drawing the honeysuckle branches and tendrils to the cultivation trellis to form a grape type hanging tendril planting cultivation mode; meanwhile, digging X-shaped fertilization furrows for applying solid nutrient liquid fertilizer between two plants between the cultivation ridges of the honeysuckle; applying the conventional fertilizer and additionally applying solid nutrient liquid fertilizer according to the conventional management method to realize proper water and fertilizer application and management and guarantee the high and stable yield of the honeysuckle. By implementing the method, the three-dimensional space can be fully utilized in the grape type hanging tendril planting cultivation mode, ventilation and transmittance are realized, high yield and quality of the honeysuckle are realized, and flower picking and trimming are also facilitated. The cultivation method is extremely suitable for large-scale intensive planting cultivation of the honeysuckle.

The invention discloses a planting method of zucchinis. The planting method of the zucchinis comprises the following steps of seed selecting and soaking, sowing and growing. According to the planting method of the zucchinis, the fast growth of the zucchinis is facilitated, the yield of the zucchinis is enabled to be stable, and the zucchinis are good in quality and full in nutrition.

The invention discloses a lotus root planting method which comprises the specific steps that a good variety is chosen; a fertile clay loam field block is chosen; rational close planting is carried out; base fertilizers are applied; additional fertilization is implemented for the first time; the additional fertilization is implemented for the second time; lotus root shoots are rotated frequently; and the lotus roots are harvested. The lotus root planting method provided by the invention has the advantages such as high lotus root output and good quality.

The invention belongs to the plant vegetative propagation technology and particularly relates to a conical redpepper fruit vegetative propagation seedling method. The method comprises the steps that a seedbed with perlite serving as a substrate is established, a water spraying system capable of automatically spraying water mist is established, conical redpepper fruit branches serve as in vitro materials and are arranged in the seedbed after being processed with medicines, the water spraying system is started to meet the humidity requirement of a seedling environment, the conical redpepper fruit in vitro materials take roots and grow into seedlings quickly, and the seedling rate is high. Due to the fact that the conical redpepper fruit vegetative propagation seedling method belongs to vegetative propagation and is in a stable type in gene heredity, character mutation and variation cannot happen, and optimal maternal characters can be maintained better. The materials can be taken to perform rapid propagation at any time in a whole year, and there is no limit to use of raw materials and propagation time. The conical redpepper fruit vegetative propagation seedling method is suitable for factory-like, large-scale and intensive production of conical redpepper fruits.

The invention discloses a potting method for myosotis sylvatica. The method includes steps of sowing and seedling raising, paclobutrazol spraying at a seedling stage, potting, pinching, fertilizer and water management, temperature and light regulating and controlling and the like. According to the potting method for the myosotis sylvatica, by means of hormone regulation and combination with manual pinching, multiple branch development can be facilitated, and compact and attractive plant shape can be maintained. 1-2 month low temperature stage is required for flower bud differentiation of the myosotis sylvatica, for instance, after flower bud differentiation, temperature and light are two main factors which influence flowering of the myosotis sylvatica, flowering of the myosotis sylvatica can be facilitated by the aid of long day and certain temperature, thereby, flower bud differentiation can be achieved in advance through low temperature treatment at the seedling stage, by means of increasing of illumination time and temperature controlling at a later stage, flowering can be achieved early, the number of flowers is increased, flowering time is prolonged, and the myosotis sylvatica can appear on the market at spring festival.

The invention provides a device for inoculation and bagging, and an inoculation method of edible oyster mushroom. The invention relates to the device for inoculation and bagging and the inoculation method of a type of edible mushroom so as to solve the problems in the prior art that workers' inoculation and bagging efficiency is low; machine inoculation quality is unstable; and machine inoculation modes are singular. The device comprises a rack, a rack base, a fungus crushing device, a culture medium feeding device and a bagging device, wherein the rack is installed on the rack base; the fungus crushing device and the culture medium feeding device are arranged on the rack; and the bagging device is arranged on the rack base. The inoculation method comprises the steps that bagging is conducted at first, and the bottom of a material bucket is sealed; layered inoculation is conducted, a layer of fungus is paved on the bottom of the material bucket or brace inoculation on the inner side wall is conducted at first; the layer of fungus is firmly paved on the bottom of the material bucket, fungus in a fungus bucket will be pushed into the material bucket via different inlets in the side wall of the material bucket after the material bucket is filled with enough culture medium materials; and thus, the fungus can be located on the side wall of a bag during bagging. The device and method provided by the invention are applicable to inoculation and bagging of edible mushrooms.

A green pepper strong seedling cultivating method is characterized by comprising the following technical processes that a land parcel which is loosened, thick in soil layer, good in permeability and ventilation performance and high is selected; the middle of May is selected for seeding, and about100 g of seeds need to be prepared for each mu of the land; in the seedling growing period, it is required that the temperature in a greenhouse is 25 DEG C in the daytime and 15 DEG C in the nighttime; according to prevention and control through pesticide spraying, thiophanate methyl or Ke-bing-terling can be sprayed to prevent and control seedling stage damping-off, seedling blight and the like. The green pepper strong seedling cultivating method is a new technology which is invented to solve the problems that green pepper seedling growing is serious in plant disease and insect pest and low in survival rate, a normal growth cycle is long, fruit quality is affected and fruit swelling is slow.

The invention relates to a chrysanthemum field casing pot cultivation method and belongs to the field of flower cultivation. The chrysanthemum field casing pot cultivation method specifically comprises the steps that 1, vigorous seedlings are selected, and the vigorous seedlings are planted in a field and then are sleeved with field cultivation casing pots, wherein each field cultivating casting pot comprises a pot body and a combined water guide pipe, a flower casing hole is formed in the bottom of each pot body, each combined water guide pipe is composed of a straight guide pipe body, a connecting elbow and a horizontal guide pipe, each straight guide pipe body is arranged in the corresponding pot body, each horizontal guide pipe body is arranged outside the corresponding pot body, and each straight guide pipe body and the corresponding horizontal guide pipe body are connected through the corresponding connecting elbow penetrating through the flower casing hole; 2, when stems of chrysanthemums grow to be 15-20 cm long, growing points are removed, the chrysanthemums are made to grow out lateral branches, according to the growth condition of the chrysanthemums, the lateral branches are removed or 2-5 lateral branches are maintained for each chrysanthemum, and when the lateral branches grow to be 5-7 cm long, growing points of the lateral branches are removed; according to the growth condition of the chrysanthemums, after the stems and the lateral branches are shaped, top application is conducted, and the chrysanthemums are irrigated with water containing nutrients. By the adoption of the chrysanthemum field casing pot cultivation method, the attractiveness of the chrysanthemums can be effectively improved, the problem that water plugging is caused in a field cultivation casing pot is effectively solved, and the economic benefits of chrysanthemum production are increased.

The invention discloses a method for increasing the volume of the low-yield land by crop rotation of wheat straw hoods. The method comprises the steps of a. planting vetiveria zizanioides; b. initially improving the low-yield land; c. planting crops; and d. repeating the steps a, b and c. After three crop rotation periods are finished, the low-yield land can be improved to be medium-yield land. The biomass liveweight of the ground part of the vetiveria zizanioides is large and reaches 58-100t/ha, the full doses of C, N, P and K of the stems and leaf branches in 1kg of vetiveria zizanioides are respectively 422g, 17.4g, 0.5g and 7.5g, so that the stems are decomposed in the soil naturally to play the roles of improving fertility, and improving the oil structure. Meanwhile, the stems of the vetiveria zizanioides are paved on the ground to play the roles of conserving water resources, and preventing rainwater from washing the soil. After the crop rotation of the vetiveria zizanioides, the soil is soft, and the workability of soil is enhanced; the soil fertility (organic nitrogen content) is improved by 60%; the water content of the soil is improved by 30%; the runoff of the oil is reduced by 40%; the grain is increased by 50% in the drought weather, and is increased by 20% in the regular year.