72 results about "Blood circulation" patented technology

It is an object of the present invention to provide a solution for creating an effective method for retarding unhealthy manifestations brought by ageing of human beings (in particular, but not limited to the reduction of sexual activity and fertility, climax, changes in glucose tolerance, reduction of cognitive and mnestic functions, reduction of stress resistance, development of organ and tissue sclerosis) without directly affecting the genetic apparatus of the ageing cells.

According to the invention this task is solved by administration into the blood circulation of the agent which inactivates extracellular blood plasma DNA; the extracellular blood DNA inactivating agent can be embodied in the form of an extracellular blood plasma DNA destroying agent; said extracellular blood plasma DNA destroying agent can be embodied in the form of an DNase enzyme; the extracellular blood plasma DNA inactivating agent can also be embodied in the form of an extracellular blood plasma DNA binding agent; the extracellular blood plasma DNA binding agent can be embodied in the form of anti-DNA antibodies; the extracellular blood plasma DNA inactivating agent can be administered in the form of an enzyme modifying the chemical composition of extracellular blood plasma DNA; the extracellular blood plasma DNA inactivating agent can be embodied in the form of an agent that stimulates synthesis or activity of endogenous deoxyribonuclease, or an agent that stimulates the synthesis of antibodies which capable to bind extracellular blood plasma DNA.

The invention discloses an external-use medicine for treating neck, shoulder, waist and leg diseases and osteoproliferation, and a preparation method of the medicine. The external-use medicine comprises active ingredients in parts by weight as shown in the description. The preparation method of the external-use medicine comprises the steps of wine soaking, drying, crushing, stirring, packaging and the like. The external-use medicine is completely prepared from traditional Chinese medicines and has the effects of warming channel, activating blood circulation, expelling wind, removing dampness, relieving swelling and pain, invigorating qi and blood, promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, tonifying kidney and strengthening du meridian. The external-use medicine has the advantages of good treatment effect, fast curative effect, very low toxicity, convenience in use and no limitation for treatment of the neck, shoulder, waist and leg diseases and the osteoproliferation. The preparation method is simple. The external-use medicine can be prepared into medicine packages which can be applied to home health care and medical treatment and are easy to carry.

The invention discloses a facial mask. The facial mask includes a mask bag A and a mask bag B, a facial mask body is placed in the mask bag A, a heating paste is placed in the mask bag B, the inner side of the mask bag A is firmly adhered to the inner side of the mask bag B, the outer side of the mask bag B is an air hole surface, and the air hole surface is sealed with a sealing film. The facial mask body in the facial mask is used for repairing the skin barrier structure to fundamentally solve the problem of too quick skin moisture loss caused by a poor skin barrier effect, reduce the non-inductive loss of the skin moisture and improve the skin moisture for a long time, so as to ensure effective water replenishment; the facial mask is free of nerve stimulation heating agents, reduces the irritation and is very more moderate; since the facial mask contains the heating paste, when used in winter, the facial mask is warm and comfortable, and is capable of promoting blood circulation, improving the absorption effect of effective substances and improving the comfortable experience of a user; moreover, the heating temperature of the facial mask is controlled properly to effectively keep the stability of the effective substances of the product.

The invention discloses a medicament for treating cattle/pig constipation, and a preparation method thereof. The medicament is prepared from rhubarb, immature bitter oranges, magnolia officinalis, fructus cannabis, bunge cherry seeds, mirabilite, figwort roots and radix rehmanniae according to a certain mixture ratio by weight. The medicament has the efficacy in clearing heat, releasing toxin, purging pathogenic fire, dispelling fire stasis in large intestines, promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, relieving constipation, invigorating gallbladder and eliminating abdominal distension/pain, has the advantages of short treatment course, remarkable therapeutic effects, low cost, high cure rate and no relapse, and is widely used for treating cattle/pig constipation.

The invention discloses a maternity pregnant woman postpartum shank massage device. The maternity pregnant woman postpartum shank massage device comprises a placing plate, two foot placing plates, twofirst air bags and a massage device, a side plate is arranged at the rear end of the placing plate, and the side plate is perpendicular to the placing plate; the two foot placing plates are arrangedon the upper surface of the placing plate in a left and right opposite mode, the two foot placing plates can slide on the placing plate in the forward and backward directions, a gear is arranged between the two foot placing plates, and racks meshing with the gear are arranged on the side surfaces, close to the gear, of the two foot placing plates; the two first air bags are arranged on the front surfaces of the side plate in a left and right opposite mode, and the front ends of the two first air bags are correspondingly connected with the rear ends of the two foot placing plates; and the massage device comprises two massage leggings capable of being tied to shanks of a patient, the two massage leggings are connected with the two air bags through a gas guide pipe, and second air bags communicating with the gas guide pipe are arranged in the two massage leggings. According to the maternity pregnant woman postpartum shank massage device, legs of parturients can be exercised and massaged,and blood circulation of the legs of the parturients is promoted.

The invention provides a heat clearing and detoxifying herbal tea. The herbal tea comprises the following components, by weight, 5-10 parts of gypsum, 5-10 parts of Rhizoma Anemarrhenae, 5-10 parts of Wrinkled Gianthyssop, 5-10 parts of honeysuckle flower, 5-10 parts of Lithospermum erythrorhizon, 5-10 parts of licorice, 5-10 parts of wild chrysanthemum flower, 5-10 parts of Cogongrass rhizome, 5-10 parts of radix scutellariae and 5-10 parts of Artemisia carvifolia. In the heat clearing and detoxifying herbal tea, the honeysuckle flower and the wild chrysanthemum flower have heat clearing, detoxifying, and wind-heat cooling and scattering functions, the matching of the gypsum and the Rhizoma Anemarrhenae has flesh heat clearing, excess fire purging, dry stomach moistening, stomach fire clearing, lung dryness removing and polydipsia quenching functions, the Lithospermum erythrorhizon has heat clearing, blood cooling, spot transforming, detoxifying, blood circulation invigorating and rash expelling functions, the Cogongrass rhizome has a heat clearing function without the damage to the kidney and the yin, the Artemisia carvifolia has heat clearing and malaria preventing functions, and the Wrinkled Gianthyssop has aromatizing, turbidity transforming, appetizing and vomiting preventing functions, so the heat clearing and detoxifying herbal tea can clear away heat, detoxify, transform dampness and expel pathogenic factors.

The invention discloses a multi-directional adjustable hand drawing table for automobile design. The multi-directional adjustable hand drawing table includes a supporting part, a height adjustment part and an angle adjustment part, and the height adjustment part and the angle adjustment part are both installed at the bottom of the supporting part. According to the multi-directional adjustable handdrawing table for automobile design, stability of the multi-directional adjustable hand drawing table is good, safety and reliability are achieved, use is convenient, the storage function is achieved, tilt and height adjustment can be conducted to meet the requirements of different users, the users conveniently change the sitting posture to relieve fatigue, and the condition that the users carryout automobile design hand drawing work is more facilitated; meanwhile, the function of fixing hand drawing paper or hand drawing books or hand drawing boards for automobile design is further achieved, then, the users can pad double feet high, promotion of blood circulation of lower limbs of the users is facilitated, and the condition of varicose veins of the lower limbs of the users due to working for a long time is avoided; and in addition, a prepared protective layer can effectively improve anti-corrosion, anti-slip and anti-aging properties of the table, so that the service life of the hand drawing table is long.

The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine combination used for treating rheumatic heart disease and pertains to the Chinese medicine field. The Chinese medicine preparation takes the following ingredients as the active ingredients: root of rehmannia, radix codonopsis pilosulae, red sage root, fourstamen stephania root, medical glue, radices polygonati officinalis, lilyturf root, cassia twig, fructus schizandrae, liquorice and wu chia pee. The traditional Chinese medicine combination used for treating rheumatic heart disease have the effects of benefiting vital energy, enriching the blood, enheartening the heart-yang, nourishing the heart, benefiting the pulse, promoting blood circulation by removing blood stasis and repairing an impaired heart valve.

The invention belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicines, and in particular relates to a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating endocrine dyscrasia and a preparation method thereof. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared from the following raw material medicines in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of radix ophiopogonis, 10-30 parts of radix polygoni multiflori preparata, 15-30 parts of radix rehmanniae preparata, 10-20 parts of polygonatum odoratum, 15-25 parts of dendrobe, 10-30 parts of ligustrum lucidum ait, 10-20 parts of yams, 10-15 parts of white atractylodes rhizome, 10-20 parts of radix codonopsis, 10-15 parts of semen cuscutae, 10-15 parts of epimedium, 10-15 parts of eucommia, 10-15 parts of cistanche and 5-10 parts of liquorice. According to the traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating endocrine dyscrasia, multiple medicines are combined so as to be cooperated with one another from the medicine effect and achieve the effects of replenishing the vital essence and the blood, supplementing qi, promoting the production of body fluid and promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, takes a quick response, is good in treating effect and has low toxic and side effects, and the medicine property is mild.

The invention discloses an external traditional Chinese medicine bag formula, a medicine bag and an application method thereof, and belongs to the field of traditional Chinese medicines. The externaltraditional Chinese medicine bag formula comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of dried ginger, 5-15 parts of mint, 10-20 parts of turmeric, 10-20 parts of radix angelicae, 5-15 parts of cassia twig, 2-10 parts of angelica sinensis, 2-10 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 2-10 parts of asarum and 50-90 parts of folium artemisiae argyi; and the traditional Chinese medicinebag prepared by using the formula has relatively strong effects of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, diminishing inflammation and relieving pain, warming channels and dredging collaterals, dispelling cold and the like through synergistic interaction of all the components, the traditional Chinese medicine bag is used for promoting metabolism by virtue of hot compress for bloodcirculation, is relatively high in comfort degree and can be widely applied to the health care industry and treating for osteoarticular diseases such as cervical spondylosis and lumbar spondylosis anddeficiency-cold diseases, the traditional Chinese medicine bag is low in cost, convenient to use, high in safety, free of side effects, large in operation area, fast in effect, remarkable in curativeeffect and the like; the method is simple to operate, raw materials are easy to obtain, cost is low, and the external traditional Chinese medicine bag is suitable for market requirements in the traditional Chinese medicine and health-care industries.

The invention relates to a hot massaging ointment capable of promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, dredging collaterals and relieving pain. The hot massaging ointment is prepared from the following 12 traditional Chinese medicines: a rue extract, an atropa belladonna fluid extract, frankincense, myrrh, radix linderae, rhizoma chuanxiong, radix curcumae, methyl salicylate, menthol, cinnamon oil, clove oil and camphor. Besides, the invention fuehrer relates to a preparation method of the hot massaging ointment. The preparation method mainly comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a traditional Chinese medicine extraction liquid; (2) preparing an oil phase; (3) preparing a water phase; and (4) combining the phases. The hot massaging ointment is relatively suitable for treating chronic soft tissue injury. The preparation method of the hot massaging ointment has the characteristics of strong process operability, good product reproducibility and high product yield; furthermore, the prepared hot massaging ointment has the characteristics that emulsion particle diameters are relatively small and are uniformly distributed, the transdermal absorption ratio is relatively high, and the pharmaceutical effect can be adequately developed.

The invention relates to a Chinese medicinal preparation for treating spermophlebectasia, wherein the reactive constituents are prepared from the following raw materials (by weight portion): ledebouriella root 6-12, dahurian angelica root 6-9, dried orange peel 8-10, red peony root 6-9, Chinese angelica root 9-12, pangolin scales 9-12, Chinese honey locust 9-12, myrrh 3-5, licorice root 4-6, honeysuckle flower 10-15, root of Chinese trichosannthes 10-15, bupleurum root 4-6, Sichuan fritillary bulb 9-12, frank incense 3-6, phellodendron bark 8-10, plantain seeds 8-10. The medicament can be prepared into dose forms of oral liquids, capsules, tablets, pills or powders.

The invention discloses an intelligent comb based on WiFi connection. A camera is arranged in an installation hole of the camera, the camera is connected with a central processing system, data such aspictures and videos are collected by the camera, then the collected data such as the pictures and the videos are sent to the central processing system, the central processing system analyzes the data, then the data are sent to a cloud server by the central processing system, the cloud server carries on algorithm analysis on the pictures to obtain the analysis result, and sends the analysis resultto a mobile terminal, and people can view own hair and scalp information through the mobile terminal. According to the intelligent comb based on WiFi connection, the scalp can be detected, the intelligent comb can accurately provide people with own hair and scalp conditions in real time, and provide professional guidance for people, at the same time, steel balls of the intelligent comb can realize the massage function which can relax the scalp and promote the blood circulation of the scalp, and the function of maintenance is achieved.

The invention discloses tofu for nourishing blood and activating blood circulation. The tofu comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of soybean, 5-15 parts of motherwort herb ultramicro-powder, 5-15 parts of Chinese angelica ultramicro-powder, 5-15 parts of white paeony root ultramicro-powder, 2.25-3.75 parts of salt brine and an appropriate amount of water. The invention simultaneously discloses a preparation method of the tofu. The tofu disclosed by the invention has the advantages of fragrance, tender and smooth taste, rich flavor and effects on nourishing blood and activating blood circulation.

The invention relates to the technical field of cosmetics, in particular to a skincare cosmetic containing a self-repairing active agent and a preparation method of the skincare cosmetic. The skincare cosmetic containing the self-repairing active agent comprises substances as follows: a herba rhodiolae extract, a saffron extract, protease, cream, rice oil, palm oil, coconut oil and an emulsifier. The herba rhodiolae extract and the saffron extract are emulsified and homogenized with protease, the cream and the rice oil, the self-repairing active agent is obtained and matched with the palm oil, the coconut oil and propylene glycol esters of fatty acids and other substances, and the skincare cosmetic is obtained. The skincare cosmetic has the outstanding advantages as follows: the contained self-repairing active agent has effects of promoting blood circulation, activating collagen synthesis, keeping the skin in a good antioxidant environment and the like, the skin is enabled to be in an active state, skin immunity and regeneration physiological activity are improved, skin elasticity is improved, and the skin is enabled to have the lasting anti-aging characteristic.

The invention discloses living scorpion health-care wine, which consists of the following components in part by weight: 5 to 15 parts of living scorpion, 5 to 15 parts of Chinese wolfberry, 5 to 15 parts of radix codonopsitis and 500 parts of spirits. The living scorpion health-care wine has the advantages that the wine has the health-care effects of tonifying kidney and strengthening yang, strengthening sinews and bones, soothing sinews and stimulating blood circulation, dispelling wind and easing pain, prolonging the life, and the like, and has no toxic or side effect.

The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicinal composition for treating hepatitis and a preparation method thereof. The traditional Chinese medicinal composition for treating the hepatitis is prepared from the following raw materials: pseudo-ginseng root, golden thread, baical skullcap root, amur corktree bark, rhubarb, spreading hedyotis herb, snake gall, borneol, calculus bovis factitius, aritificial musk, curcuma aromatica and red yeast. The traditional Chinese medicinal composition for treating the hepatitis can be prepared into multiple common formulations for oral administration. The traditional Chinese medicinal preparation treats the hepatitis by clearing heat, detoxicating, removing blood stasis, eliminating stagnation, invigorating blood circulation, dissolving stasis, detoxicating and normalizing gallbladder, has the obvious effects of improving liver function and inhibiting liver injury and hepatitis virus, addresses both symptoms and root causes, requires a short treatment period, realizes a low relapse rate, and has the obvious pharmacological action of protecting the liver and reducing transaminase and serum bilirubin.

The invention discloses cassia twig and poria cocos pills and a preparation method thereof. The cassia twig and poria cocos pills are prepared from, by weight, 190-210 parts of cassia twigs, 190-210 parts of poria cocos, 190-210 parts of cortex moutan, 190-210 parts of radix paeoniae rubra and 190-210 parts of peach kernels. The cassia twig and poria cocos pills have the effects of promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis and relieving and eliminating lumps and can be used for treating symptoms of blood stasis retention in uterus, gestation threatened abortion, endless metrostaxis, uterine fibroid, endometriosis, ovarian cyst, annexitis and chronic pelvic inflammation; meanwhile, the cassia twig and poria cocos pills have the advantages of being reasonable in cost, small in toxic and side effects, convenient to take and short in curative effect; the cassia twig and poria cocos pills can be produced in a batched mode, are wide in appropriate people and have extremely high popularization value.

The invention discloses underwear fabric capable of promoting blood circulation and stopping pain. The fabric comprises polyvinyl chloride fibers, germanium fiber polyester filament yarn, cotton fibers and polyurethane elastic fibers. The polyvinyl chloride fibers and the polyurethane elastic fibers are blended to form the warps of the fabric. The germanium fiber polyester filament yarn and the cotton fibers are blended to form the wefts of the fabric. The warps account for 51-53% of the fabric in weight percentage. The wefts account for 47-49% of the fabric in weight percentage. The underwear fabric has the advantages that the fabric is made by multiple high-quality fibers, certain health-care effect can be achieved, pains of rheumatism patients can be relieved, good blood circulation promoting effect is achieved, physique of a person can be enhanced, and the fabric is high in radial elasticity and good in comfortableness.

The invention discloses attapulgite shampoo for defending lose-hair and dispelling scurf, which has the technical proposal that the attapulgite shampoo for defending lose-hair and dispelling scurf is composed of modified pasty attapulgite clay, cacumen biotae, honeysuckle, angelica, zinc pynithione, sodium lauryl sulfate, cocamidopropyl betaine, citric acid, nipagin methyl ester, nipagine propyl ester and deionized water. The attapulgite shampoo for defending lose-hair and dispelling scurf has the prodution method of purification, sodium modification, acidification, feed proportioning, pulverization and beating, grinding, high-speed stirring, emulsification, vacuum degassing and canning for obtaining the finished product of attapulgite shampoo for defending lose-hair and dispelling scurf. The attapulgite shampoo for defending lose-hair and dispelling scurf can speed up the blood circulation of scalp, promote hair metabolism, effectively control sebum extravasation, dispel scurf, prevent scalp itching, delay hair aging, and reduce lose-hair and white hair generation. The attapulgite shampoo for defending lose-hair and dispelling scurf is suitable for the hairdressing and nursing of defending lose-hair and dispelling scurf.

The invention discloses a prostate physiotherapy instrument which comprises an upper shell, a lower shell, a constant-temperature adjuster, a rubber pad, a rubber member and a hollow cylinder. The upper shell and the lower shell of the prostate physiotherapy instrument are connected, a container for containing water is arranged at the bottom of the lower shell of the prostate physiotherapy instrument, the hollow cylinder is connected on the container, radius of the hollow cylinder is 3mm while height of the same is 5mm, and a circle of small holes are reserved in the top surface of the hollow cylinder to distribute and release hot air. The rubber pad is arranged at the front end of the prostate physiotherapy instrument and used for placement of a genital organ, and the constant-temperature adjuster is arranged at the bottom end of the lower shell of the prostate physiotherapy instrument and used for adjusting water temperature. The prostate physiotherapy instrument can increase local temperature of a patient, relax muscles, dilate blood vessels, accelerate blood circulation, promote dissipation and absorption of diffusate of local inflammation and can make the patient warm and comfortable and relieve clinical symptoms.

The invention relates to a medical suspended baking lamp, comprising a bulb above which a lampshade is arranged, wherein the upper part of the lampshade can be suspended by a suspension chain, a protective net surrounding the bulb is arranged at the bottom of the lampshade, black-out cloth covering the whole lampshade is arranged outside the lampshade, and an observation port is reserved in the black-out cloth. The baking lamp can accelerate blood circulation of patients and promote wound healing in clinical application of recovery and rehabilitation therapy of patients after replantation of severed limbs and fingers, overcome the defect that safety protection design lacks in the existing baking lamp, effectively prevent burns during temperature focusing, long-time therapy and the like because the baking lamp cannot be moved, and really realize the ideas of convenience, flexibility and energy conservation.

The invention discloses syrup capable of relieving a cough and reducing sputum, and relates to the technical field of foods. The syrup is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of coastal glehnia roots, 5-10 parts of solomonseal rhizomes, 4-8 parts of lily bulbs, 4-8 parts of white funguses, 2-4 parts of licorice roots, 3-6 parts of dried orange peel, 10-20 parts of apple juice, 100-200 parts of maltose and 50-100 parts of clean water. The syrup capable of relieving the cough and reducing sputum disclosed by the invention has the efficacies of moistening the lung for relieving a cough, benefitting the stomach, promoting salivation, clearing the lung for reducing sputum, clearing heat and removing toxicity, and after the syrup is often eaten, the effects of promoting blood circulation, being health-care and resisting ageing are also achieved.

The invention relates to appetizing cold noodles and a method for preparing the same. The appetizing cold noodles comprise, by weight, 5-7 parts of radix astragali, 5-7 parts of radix ginseng, 5 parts of radix scrophulariae, 4 parts of radix glycyrrhizae, 2 parts of radix aconiti lateralis preparata, 2 parts of cortex cinnamomi, 15 parts of grapes, 4 parts of fructus ligustri lucidi, 10 parts of rice flour, 6 parts of corn flour, 10 parts of tomatoes, 20 parts of green tea powder, 35 parts of sweet potato starch, 0.5-1 part of alun, 8-12 parts of bulbus lilii, 3-5 parts of semen euryales, 3-5 parts of radix cudramiae, 6 parts of amaranthus spinosus, 2-4 parts of rauvolfia verticillata, 3 parts of berchemia lineate, 4 parts of herba lespedezae cuneatae, 3-6 parts of whorlleaf loosestrife herb, 3 parts of loropetalum chinensis roots and 4-7 parts of thorny elaeagnus leaves. The appetizing cold noodles and the method have the advantages that the appetizing cold noodles are mainly made of Chinese herbal medicines, components are unique and are reasonably compatible with one another, accordingly, effects of strengthening middle warmers, benefiting vital energy, promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, strengthening spleens, nourishing bodies and blood, promoting secretion of saliva or body fluid, regulating the vital energy, resolving stasis and the like can be realized, the appetizing cold noodles can be used for treating symptoms such as poor appetite of children, indigestion, spontaneous sweating and night sweating, yellowish complexion, thinness and weakness and are short in treatment course and free of optional side and toxic effects, and obvious curative effects can be realized by the appetizing cold noodles.

The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating cervical erosion. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of fallopia japonica, 10-15 parts of cyrtomium fortunei, 5-10 parts of groundsel, 15-20 parts of sophora flavescens, 12-18 parts of Chinese pulsatilla root, 5-10 parts of frankincense, 8-14 parts of cuttlebone, 10-15 parts of aloe leaf, 6-12 parts of shaddock peel, 16-22 parts of gallnut, 5-10 parts of acacia catechu, 10-15 parts of plantain herb, 20-25 parts of mother chrysanthemum, 4-9 parts of fig leaf, 18-24 parts of lithospermum, 5-10 parts of calendula, 9-16 parts of rheum officinale, 12-18 parts of subprostrate sophora, 5-10 parts of nauclea officinalis leaf and 10-15 parts of houttuynia cordata. The traditional Chinese medicine composition has the effects of clearing away heat and drying dampness, inhibiting bacteria and killing bacteria, diminishing inflammation and stopping pain, promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis and removing slough and promoting growth of tissue regeneration, is obvious in curative effect, does not have a toxic or side effect, does not have an adverse reaction and symptoms, is high in cure rate, difficult to reoccur, safe and reliable and is worthy of promotion and popularization.

The invention discloses a preparation method of heat-source moxibustion powder. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1, preparing materials; 2, processing raw materials; 3, conducting rough processing; 4, purifying; 5, blending; and 6, packaging, sterilizing and freezing. The heat-source moxibustion powder prepared by the heat-source moxibustion powder preparation method is capable of heating and dispelling cold, eliminating dampness and toxins, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, and enhancing qi and blood circulation, so as to achieve local metabolism, and the heat-source moxibustion powder is capable of softening hardness and dissipating stagnation, stimulating menstrual flow to relieve pain, strengthening tendons and bones, strengthening body resistance and eliminating evil and directly stretching to pain points, so as to achieve effects of balancing yin and yang, boosting immunity, promoting qi and blood flow to avoid pain and the like.